ArticleBrain and behavior2020
Adjunct ketamine treatment of depression in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients is unsatisfactory in pilot and secondary follow-up studies.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamatergic Modulation of Brain Function in Psychosis: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Pooled it
- [Use of psychoactive substances as a treatment for psychosis].Revista de neurologia · 2023Pooled it
- Ketamine for negative and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia: the evidence so far.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Retracing our steps to understand ketamine in depression: A focused review of hypothesized mechanisms of action.The mental health clinician · 2021Review
- Adjunct ketamine treatment of depression in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients is unsatisfactory in pilot and secondary follow-up studies.Brain and behavior · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the effects of adjunct ketamine treatment on chronic treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients with treatment-resistant depressive symptoms (CTRS-TRD patients), including alterations in brain function.
methodsIntravenous ketamine (0.5 mg/kg body weight) was administered to CTRS-TRD patients over a 1-hr period on days 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, and 25 of our initial pilot study. This treatment method was subsequently repeated 58 days after the start of the pilot study for a secondary follow-up study. Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) results were used to assess treatment effects and alterations in brain function throughout the entire duration of our studies.
resultsBetween day 7 and day 14 of the first treatment, CDSS scores were reduced by 63.8% and PANSS scores were reduced by 30.04%. In addition, ReHo values increased in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. However, by day 21, depressive symptoms relapsed. During the second treatment period, CDSS and PANSS scores exhibited no significant differences compared to baseline between day 58 and day 86. On day 65, ReHo values were higher in the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes. However, on day 79, the increase in ReHo values completely disappeared.
conclusionsDepressive symptoms in CTRS-TRD patients were alleviated with adjunct ketamine treatment for only 1 week during the first treatment period. Moreover, after 1 month, the antidepressant effects of ketamine on CTRS-TRD patients completely disappeared. Correspondingly, ReHo alterations induced by ketamine in the CTRS-TRD patients were not maintained for more than 3 weeks. These pilot findings indicate that adjunct ketamine treatment is not satisfactory for CTRS-TRD patients.
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