ArticleJournal of behavioral medicine2020
Perceived racism, affectivity, and C-reactive protein in healthy African Americans: Do religiosity and racial identity provide complementary protection?
Article in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Racial/Ethnic Discrimination and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of culturally targeted message framing on colorectal cancer screening among African Americans.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2021Trial
- Examining the Social and Mental Health Benefits of Ethnic Studies and DEI among BIPOCs and Whites.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Matters of the Heart and Soul: The Mixed Impact of Religiosity and Spirituality on the Cardiovascular Risk Profile Over Time.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The Relationships Among Neighborhood Disadvantage, Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities Diagnoses, and Race/Ethnicity in a U.S. Urban Location.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Climate Change, Racism, and Food Insecurity: Cyclical Impacts of Stressors Exacerbate Health Disparities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Investigating psychosocial factors and systemic inflammation using dried blood spots: a scoping review.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- The Effectiveness of a Race-Based Stress Reduction Intervention on Improving Stress-Related Symptoms and Inflammation in African American Women at Risk for Cardiometabolic Disease: Protocol for Recruitment and Intervention for a Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- Religious and Spiritual Experiences, Discrimination, and Stress Among Midlife Women in the USA: The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.Journal of religion and health · 2025Article
- Examining associations among daily discrimination, psychosocial risk factors, and pain outcomes in people with chronic low back pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Salivary uric acid dynamics are associated with stress response hormones among African Americans in an urban sample.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Article
- Discrimination and Cardiovascular Health in Black Americans: Exploring Inflammation as a Mechanism and Perceived Control as a Protective Factor.Psychosomatic medicine · 2024Article
- Complex effects of racism and discrimination on African Americans' health and well-being: Navigating the status quo.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2023Article
- "What Doesn't Kill You, Makes You Stronger": Psychosocial Resources and the Mental Health of Black Older Adults.Annual review of gerontology & geriatrics · 2021Article
- The neurobiology of social stress resulting from Racism: Implications for pain disparities among racialized minorities.Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Perceived racism contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD) disparities among African Americans. Psychosocial factors that protect against the effects of perceived racism therefore may be reflected by indicators of CVD risk, including C-reactive protein (CRP). The current cross-sectional study examined whether CRP is linked to religiosity and racial identity-two culturally-enshrined individual differences that can protect against the harmful effects of racism. Healthy African Americans completed self-report measures of everyday racism, religious intensity (a measure of the importance of religion/spirituality), and racial centrality (a measure of racial identity strength). We measured positive and negative affectivity as outcomes (N = 534), and we collected a dried bloodspot measure of CRP (N = 118). Religious intensity and racial centrality were independently associated with greater positive affectivity, and interactively associated with negative affectivity and CRP-when perceived racism was high, strongly identified African Americans had significantly higher CRP, but lower negative affectivity, when they were also low in religious intensity. Results highlight that religiosity and racial identity may interactively protect against the effects of racism and may play a role in CVD disparities.
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Registered trials
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