ArticleAnnals of dyslexia2020
Inter-letter spacing, inter-word spacing, and font with dyslexia-friendly features: testing text readability in people with and without dyslexia.
Article in Annals of dyslexia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Role of Visual Perception in Reading Across Fonts and Similar Words in Children with Reading Disabilities.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Identifying students with dyslexia: exploration of current assessment methods.Annals of dyslexia · 2025Article
- Enhancing reading speed: the reading acceleration effect in Italian adult readers.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Does word flickering improve reading? Negative evidence from four experiments using low and high frequencies.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2023Article
- Does a specialist typeface affect how fluently children with and without dyslexia process letters, words, and passages?Dyslexia (Chichester, England) · 2022Article
- English Text Readability Measurement Based on Convolutional Neural Network: A Hybrid Network Model.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Article
- The Effect of Claustrophobic Tendencies on Digital Spatial Preferences.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the last years, several studies have suggested a possible link between dyslexia and deficits in low-level visual processing (e.g., excessive crowding). At the same time, specially designed "dyslexia-friendly" fonts appeared on the market. This class of fonts presents two main features: the particular graphic characteristics of the letterform designed to avoid confusion between similarly shaped letters, and wider inter-letter and inter-word spacing to limit crowding. The literature testing the efficacy of "dyslexia-friendly" fonts in improving reading accuracy and increasing reading speed is controversial. We evaluated the impact of letterform (with vs. without dyslexia-friendly graphic features), inter-letter spacing (standard vs. increased), and inter-word spacing (standard vs. increased) on reading accuracy and speed. Two groups of 64 children each, with and without dyslexia, read aloud 8 equivalent texts. The data collected failed to show any effect from the letterform. As regards spacing, the data showed that reading speed is impaired by an increase in inter-letter spacing not combined with an adequate increase in inter-word spacing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.