ReviewCurrent osteoporosis reports2020
Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy: New Insights, Controversies, and Approach to Management.
Review in Current osteoporosis reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Optimizing diagnosis and management of patients with ENPP1 deficiency: an expert opinion.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Long-term survival and phenotypic expansion in siblings with generalized arterial calcification of infancy.JCEM case reports · 2026Article
- Autosomal Recessive Hypophosphatemic Rickets Type 2 Associated with a NovelJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2026Article
- Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy (GACI): State of the Art and Clinical Perspectives.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Review
- Case Report: Delivery or not, generalized arterial calcification of infancy in China.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Six cases ofJBMR plus · 2025Article
- Phosphate in Physiological and Pathological Mineralization: Important yet Often Unheeded.MedComm · 2025Review
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- Calcification Formation for Development, Defense, and Repair of the Human Body?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Optic disc drusen: Dystrophic calcification, a potential target for treatment.Eye (London, England) · 2024Review
- Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy Mimicking Coarctation of Aorta in a Neonate.Radiology. Cardiothoracic imaging · 2024Article
- The use of burosumab to treat autosomal-recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2: rationale and a first clinical experience.Journal of nephrology · 2024Article
- A previously healthy 3-year-old female with hypertension, proteinuria, and hypercalciuria.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Generalized arterial calcifications in a twin recipient treated with etidronate: description of a case report within a narrative review.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2024Article
- Clinical and Molecular Characterization of a Patient with Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy Caused by RareJournal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Generalized arterial calcification of infancy in a neonate with acute kidney injury: A rare case report.Radiology case reports · 2023Article
- Zebrafish Models to Study Ectopic Calcification and Calcium-Associated Pathologies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Case report: A rare homozygous variation in theFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
- An Unusual Case of Transient Cardiac Calcification Identified on Antenatal Echocardiography: A Generalized Arterial Calcification of Infancy (GACI) Like Presentation.Calcified tissue international · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purpose of reviewThis review summarizes current understanding of generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI), emphasizing pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and approaches and controversies in management. RECENT
findingsIdentification of causative ENPP1 mutations revealed that GACI arises from deficiencies in inorganic pyrophosphate (leading to calcifications) and adenosine monophosphate (leading to intimal proliferation). Identification of genotypic and phenotypic overlap with pseudoxanthoma elasticum and autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets further advanced understanding of GACI as a complex, multisystemic disease. Clinical data is limited to small, retrospective samples; it is therefore unknown whether commonly used medications, such as bisphosphonates and hypophosphatemia treatment, are therapeutic or potentially harmful. ENPP1-Fc replacement represents a promising approach warranting further study. Knowledge gaps in natural history place clinicians at high risk of assigning causality to interventions that are correlated with changes in clinical status. There is thus a critical need for improved natural history studies to develop and test targeted therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.