ArticleThe protein journal2020
Insertions and Deletions Play an Important Role in the Diversity of Conotoxins.
Article in The protein journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ancestral Sequence Reconstruction Provides Insights into the Structural Diversification and Neofunctionalization of T-superfamily Conotoxins in Conus.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Whole Genome Duplication and Gene Evolution in the Hyperdiverse Venomous Gastropods.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- A novel proline-rich M-superfamily conotoxin that can simultaneously affect sodium, potassium and calcium currents.The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that each conotoxin precursor has a hyperconserved signal region, a rather conserved pro region and a hypervariable mature region, and nucleotide mutations are the main driven factor. However, in this study, we made an in-depth analysis on the M-superfamily conotoxin precursors and found that the diversity of the signal, pro and mature regions are more complicated than previous findings. Different conotoxin precursors can have same signal, pro and/or mature regions, especially different conotoxin precursors with same mature region but different signal and pro regions. In addition, insertions and deletions (indels) were detected in conotoxin precursors. Indels are infrequent in the signal region but frequent in the pro and mature regions. In contrast to deletions that dominate in the pro region, insertions dominate in the mature region. The number of amino acids is crucial for the physiological functions of mature conotoxins, therefore indels, especially insertions in the mature region, play an important role in the sequence and function diversity of conotoxins.
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