ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2021
Antibiotic Treatments During Infancy, Changes in Nasal Microbiota, and Asthma Development: Population-based Cohort Study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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39 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rhinovirus Species in Acute Respiratory Tract Infections and the Risk of Asthma in Children.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Article
- Childhood asthma and the microbiome: from gut-lung axis mechanisms to precision prevention strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Early life factors documented in electronic health records predict recurrent acute otitis media.PloS one · 2026Article
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- Postnatal antibiotic exposure due to maternal group B streptococcus is associated with childhood asthma.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Article
- Comparison of nasal microbiota between preterm and full-term infants in early life.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Microbial influencers: the airway microbiome's role in asthma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- The neonate respiratory microbiome.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Risk of infantile atopic dermatitis in neonatal lupus erythematosus: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- The pediatric nasal microbiome and its role in chronic ENT disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Prolonged hospitalization signature and early antibiotic effects on the nasopharyngeal resistome in preterm infants.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The Role of Biodiversity in the Development of Asthma and Allergic Sensitization: A State-of-the-Science Review.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Review
- Exploring the potential mediating role of systemic antibiotics in the association between early-life lower respiratory tract infections and asthma at age 5 in the CHILD study.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Article
- Methodological Considerations in Longitudinal Analyses of Microbiome Data: A Comprehensive Review.Genes · 2023Review
- Seasonal Azithromycin Use in Paediatric Protracted Bacterial Bronchitis Does Not Promote Antimicrobial Resistance but Does Modulate the Nasopharyngeal Microbiome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Observational
- Characteristics of the oropharyngeal microbiota among infants with pneumonia and their effects on immune response and subsequent respiratory morbidity.European journal of pediatrics · 2023Article
- Antibiotics in pregnancy influence nasal microbiome and respiratory morbidity in infancy.ERJ open research · 2023Article
- Winds of change a tale of: asthma and microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Relationships between antibiotic exposure and asthma in adults in the United States: results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 1999 and 2018.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly-life exposures to antibiotics may increase the risk of developing childhood asthma. However, little is known about the mechanisms linking antibiotic exposures to asthma. We hypothesized that changes in the nasal airway microbiota serve as a causal mediator in the antibiotics-asthma link.
methodsIn a population-based birth-cohort study in Finland, we identified longitudinal nasal microbiota profiles during age 2-24 months using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and an unsupervised machine learning approach. We performed a causal mediation analysis to estimate the natural direct effect of systemic antibiotic treatments during age 0-11 months on risks of developing physician-diagnosed asthma by age 7 years and the natural indirect (causal mediation) effect through longitudinal changes in nasal microbiota.
resultsIn our birth cohort of 697 children, 8.0% later developed asthma. Exposure to ≥2 antibiotic treatments during age 0-11 months was associated with a 4.0% increase in the absolute risk of developing asthma (absolute increase, 95% CI, .9-7.2%; P = .006). The unsupervised clustering approach identified 6 longitudinal nasal microbiota profiles. Infants with a larger number of antibiotic treatments had a higher risk of having a profile with early Moraxella sparsity (per each antibiotic treatment, adjusted RRR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.15-1.66; P < .001). This effect of antibiotics on asthma was partly mediated by longitudinal changes in the nasal microbiota (natural indirect effect, P = .008), accounting for 16% of the total effect.
conclusionsEarly exposures to antibiotics were associated with increased risk of asthma; the effect was mediated, in part, by longitudinal changes in the nasal airway microbiota.
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