Observational studyNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2020
Long-term efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disorders: A prospective study.
Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph
Observational study in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
6.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and tolerability of different therapies in preventive treatment of MOG-IgG-associated disorder: A network meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of long-term immunotherapy in adult patients with MOG antibody disease: a systematic analysis.Journal of neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical risk factors for recurrence in adult-onset myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease Refractory to Sequential Immunotherapy.Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology · 2026Article
- Ofatumumab in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease: A Comparison With Rituximab.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Isolated Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy as the First Presenting Sign of MOG Antibody-Associated Disease in a Three-Year-Old Child.The British and Irish orthoptic journal · 2026Article
- When MOGAD mimics MS: diagnostic and therapeutic insights from a unique CNS demyelinating case.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Optic neuritis: a comprehensive review of current therapies and emerging treatment strategies.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
- Phenotype of Relapsing Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease in Children.Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Article
- Favorable long-term outcomes of autoimmune nodopathy with mycophenolate mofetil.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated diseases in China.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Update on glial antibody-mediated optic neuritis.Japanese journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Treatment and Relapse Prevention of Typical and Atypical Optic Neuritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Interleukin-6 Receptor Blockade in Treatment-Refractory MOG-IgG-Associated Disease and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Clinical and neuroimaging findings in MOGAD-MRI and OCT.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Review
- Clinical characteristics of optic neuritis phenotypes in a 3-year follow-up Chinese cohort.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Anti-MOG antibody associated long segment myelitis presenting as anterior cord syndrome.BMJ case reports · 2021Article
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disorder-optic neuritis: a comprehensive review of diagnosis and treatment.Eye (London, England) · 2021Review
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder Beyond Infection Risk.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Shengde LiFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Haitao RenFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Yan XuFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. xuyanpumch@hotmail.com.
Tao XuFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. xuyanpumch@hotmail.com.
Yao ZhangFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Hexiang YinFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Weihua ZhangFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jiuwei LiFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Xiaotun RenFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Fang FangFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Wenhan LiFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Yicheng ZhuFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Bin PengFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Jing WangFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Yong ZhongFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Liying CuiFrom the Department of Neurology (S.L., H.R., Y.X., Y. Zhang, H.Y., Y. Zhu, B.P., L.C.), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Institute of Basic Medical Sciences (T.X.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College; Department of Neurology (W.Z., J.L., X.R., F.F.), Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health; Oumeng V Medical Laboratory (W.L.), Hangzhou; CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health (J.W.), Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Department of Ophthalmology (Y. Zhong), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; and Neurosciences Center (L.C.), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Capital Medical University · CNBeijing Children’s Hospital · CNAcademy of Medical Sciences · GBChinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College · CNPeking Union Medical College Hospital · CNUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences · CN
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo investigate whether the use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) could reduce the relapse risk in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG)-associated disorders (MOGADs).
methodsThis prospective observational cohort study included patients with MOGAD at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1, 2017, and April 30, 2019. The patients were divided into 2 groups: those with (MMF+) or without (MMF-) MMF therapy. The primary outcome was relapse at follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for relapse.
resultsSeventy-nine patients were included in our MOG cohort. Fifty (63.3%) were adults at index date, and 47 (59.5%) were women. Fifty-four (68.4%) were in the MMF+ group, and 25 (31.6%) were in the MMF- group. Clinical and demographic factors, MOG-IgG titer, and follow-up time (median, 472.5 days for MMF+, 261.0 days for MMF-) were comparable between the groups. Relapse rates were 7.4% (4/54) in the MMF+ group and 44.0% (11/25) in the MMF- group. Of all potential confounders, only the use of MMF was associated with reduced risk of relapse. The HR for relapse among patients in the MMF+ group was 0.14 (95% CI, 0.05-0.45) and was 0.08 (95% CI, 0.02-0.28) in a model adjusted for age, sex, disease course, and MOG-IgG titer. MMF therapy also remained associated with a reduced relapse risk in sensitivity analyses. Only one patient (1.9%) discontinued MMF therapy because of adverse effect.
conclusionsThese findings provide a clinical evidence that MMF immunosuppression therapy may prevent relapse in patients with MOGAD. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides class IV evidence that for patients with MOGAD, MMF reduces relapse risk.
Indexed as
Outcome Assessment, Health CareAdolescentAdultChildDemyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNSDrug Therapy, CombinationFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGlucocorticoidsHumansImmunoglobulin GImmunologic FactorsMaleMycophenolic AcidMyelin-Oligodendrocyte GlycoproteinProportional Hazards ModelsGlucocorticoidsImmunoglobulin GImmunologic FactorsMOG protein, humanMycophenolic AcidMyelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
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