ArticleCell2020
Tumor-Derived Retinoic Acid Regulates Intratumoral Monocyte Differentiation to Promote Immune Suppression.
Article in Cell, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 159 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
159 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 258 citations in OpenAlex.
- Retinoids in cancer chemoprevention and therapy: Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Pooled it
- Retinoic acid in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Loss of NCCRP1 overcomes immune evasion in lung adenocarcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor-derived stearic acid induces macrophage Egr2 signaling to suppress anti-tumor immunity in breast cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Circulating immune profiling reveals impaired monocyte states and trajectories driving immunosuppression in glioblastoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Clonal lineage tracing of innate immune cells in human cancer.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Loss of tumor suppressor NF2 mediates resistance to CAR T cell and anti-PD-1 therapy: Strategies to restore immunotherapy sensitivity.Med (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Retinoic acid as a stage-specific modulator of hematopoietic lineage fate from human pluripotent stem cells.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- scResponse: A Rank-Based Method for Identifying Cell States That Contribute to Immunotherapy Response by Single-Cell Data.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A Novel PLGA-based nano-adjuvant augments mucosal and systemic immunity in chicks through intestinal targeting and IgA production.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Real-Time In Vivo Visualization of Tumor-Associated Macrophage Reprogramming Using a Nitric Oxide-Activatable NIR-II Nanoinducer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Novel lipid metabolism-related gene signature associated with clinical and immune features in lung adenocarcinoma patients experiencing lymph node metastasis.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Selective inhibition of ALDH1A3 impedes breast cancer growth and metastasis by blocking ALDH1A3-driven transcriptional programs.iScience · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of radioresistance: decoding macrophage-driven radioprotective niches through temporal-spatial reprogramming.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Mechanoresponsive reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages during cancer progression.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Glycolysis in the tumor microenvironment shapes dendritic cell function and antitumor immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Monocyte-Macrophage Lineages in Cancer: Biology, Plasticity, and Therapeutic Targeting.Cancer biome and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Bile acids enrichment fuel tumor aerobic glycolysis and immune evasion via stabilizing FXR-RARα.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Tumor-secreted factors induce aberrant accumulation of vitamin A-enriched lipid droplets in the liver.Communications biology · 2025Article
- The emerging role of dendritic cells in the tumor microenvironment: from antigen presentation to targeted immunotherapy.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
99 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) is a major barrier to immunotherapy. Within solid tumors, why monocytes preferentially differentiate into immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) rather than immunostimulatory dendritic cells (DCs) remains unclear. Using multiple murine sarcoma models, we find that the TME induces tumor cells to produce retinoic acid (RA), which polarizes intratumoral monocyte differentiation toward TAMs and away from DCs via suppression of DC-promoting transcription factor Irf4. Genetic inhibition of RA production in tumor cells or pharmacologic inhibition of RA signaling within TME increases stimulatory monocyte-derived cells, enhances T cell-dependent anti-tumor immunity, and synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade. Furthermore, an RA-responsive gene signature in human monocytes correlates with an immunosuppressive TME in multiple human tumors. RA has been considered as an anti-cancer agent, whereas our work demonstrates its tumorigenic capability via myeloid-mediated immune suppression and provides proof of concept for targeting this pathway for tumor immunotherapy.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.