ArticleDNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes2020
Low-level expression of the Type II restriction-modification system confers potent bacteriophage resistance in Escherichia coli.
Article in DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biology of host-dependent restriction-modification in prokaryotes.EcoSal Plus · 2025Review
- Lactococcal mobile genetic elements harbour a diverse phage defensome rich in restriction-modification systems.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Nonlinear regulatory dynamics of bacterial restriction-modification systems modulates horizontal gene transfer susceptibility.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- DNA methylases for site-selective inhibition of type IIS restriction enzyme activity.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Phages against Pathogenic Bacterial Biofilms and Biofilm-Based Infections: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Regulator-dependent temporal dynamics of a restriction-modification system's gene expression upon entering new host cells: single-cell and population studies.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- MamA essentiality in Mycobacterium smegmatis is explained by the presence of an apparent cognate restriction endonuclease.BMC research notes · 2020Article
- Lytic bacteriophages as alternative to overcoming antibiotic-resistant biofilms formed by clinically significant bacteria.Therapeutic advances in infectious diseaseReview
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Restriction-modification systems (R-M) are one of the antiviral defense tools used by bacteria, and those of the Type II family are composed of a restriction endonuclease (REase) and a DNA methyltransferase (MTase). Most entering DNA molecules are usually cleaved by the REase before they can be methylated by MTase, although the observed level of fragmented DNA may vary significantly. Using a model EcoRI R-M system, we report that the balance between DNA methylation and cleavage may be severely affected by transcriptional signals coming from outside the R-M operon. By modulating the activity of the promoter, we obtained a broad range of restriction phenotypes for the EcoRI R-M system that differed by up to 4 orders of magnitude in our biological assays. Surprisingly, we found that high expression levels of the R-M proteins were associated with reduced restriction of invading bacteriophage DNA. Our results suggested that the regulatory balance of cleavage and methylation was highly sensitive to fluctuations in transcriptional signals both up- and downstream of the R-M operon. Our data provided further insights into Type II R-M system maintenance and the potential conflict within the host bacterium.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.