ReviewPediatric radiology2020
Pediatric thyroid ultrasound: a radiologist's checklist.
Review in Pediatric radiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multiple thyroid cysts: a benign and stable clinical entity based on longitudinal data.Endocrine journal · 2026Article
- Ultrasonography of palpable masses in the pediatric head and neck.Pediatric radiology · 2026Review
- Evaluating the role of resistive index in pediatric Hashimoto's thyroiditis diagnosis and the impact of vitamin D treatment on resistive index.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Review
- Normative Values for Thyroid Volume and Tracheal Index in Healthy Turkish Newborns in an Iodine Sufficient RegionJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2025Article
- Factors Affecting Thyroid Volume in Children Aged 4 to 18 Years.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Imaging findings of thyroid diseases in children.Clinical pediatric endocrinology : case reports and clinical investigations : official journal of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Endocrinology · 2025Review
- Assessment of Thyroid Gland in Children with Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS): Radiological Performance and Feasibility of Handheld Ultrasound in Clinical PracticeJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2024Article
- Case Series of Surgical Treatment in Pediatric Thyroid Carcinoma in a Single Institution.Indian journal of otolaryngology and head and neck surgery : official publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India · 2024Article
- Evaluation of Transient or Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2023Review
- Ultrasound findings of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents.Journal of ultrasound · 2023Article
- Review
- Elastographic Evaluation of Thyroid Nodules in Children and Adolescents with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Nodular Goiter with Reference to Cytological and/or Histopathological Diagnosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Suspected Malignant Thyroid Nodules in Children and Adolescents According to Ultrasound Elastography and Ultrasound-Based Risk Stratification Systems-Experience from One Center.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Long-Term Outcome of Patients with TPO Mutations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- The Role of Neck Ultrasonography and Nuclear Imaging in the Diagnosis of Congenital Hypothyroidism.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ultrasonography (US) is the imaging method of choice for evaluating the pediatric thyroid gland, complemented by scintigraphy and thyroid function tests, especially when evaluating children with suspected congenital hypothyroidism, goiter, infectious or autoimmune diseases, or neoplasm. Diagnostic considerations in newborns with congenital hypothyroidism mainly include dysgenesis, dyshormonogenesis, transient hypothyroidism and central (hypophyseal) hypothyroidism. The midline of the neck should be scrutinized for thyroid tissue from the floor of the mouth to the thoracic inlet. Cystic and echogenic ultimobranchial remnants should not be misinterpreted as orthotopic thyroid tissue. Diffuse thyroid diseases affect older children; these comprise Hashimoto and Graves diseases and infectious thyroiditis and exhibit features similar to those in adults. It is important to note that the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid cancer can complicate thyroiditis and should not be confused with Hashimoto disease. In children with solid nodules the threshold for fine-needle aspiration biopsy or surgery should be lower compared to adults because of a higher likelihood of malignancy compared with adults. Biopsy should be considered in nodules with suspicious ultrasonographic features, even when smaller than 1 cm. Adult classification systems of thyroid nodules, although useful, are not sufficient to safely discriminate the nodules' likelihood of malignancy in children. We describe key sonographic findings and suggest a standard checklist that might be considered while performing and interpreting thyroid US in neonates and children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.