ArticleOpen access Macedonian journal of medical sciences2019
The Gene Polymorphisms (-308G/A) and the Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and Without Tuberculosis Infection.
Article in Open access Macedonian journal of medical sciences, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe gene polymorphism (-308G/A) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels influence development of disease in type 2 diabetic patients and tuberculosis patients.
aimIn this study, we analyze the association between the TNF-α polymorphisms (-308G/A) and the levels of TNF-α in type 2 diabetic patients with and without tuberculosis infection.
methodsThis study was an analytic observational with cross sectional approach consisting 40 type 2 diabetic patients with tuberculosis infection, 40 type 2 diabetic patients without tuberculosis infection and 40 healthy control (HC) subjects. The TNF-α gene polymorphism (-308G/A) was analyzed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment lengths polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) method. The TNF-α levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The association between gene polymorphism (-308G/A) in study groups was analyzed by Fisher's exact test, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in study groups was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium also determined genotype deviation and allele frequencies.
resultsThe GG and GA+AA genotypes frequency in both of patient groups and HC subjects were not differ significantly (95% and 5% vs 95% and 5% vs 92.5% and 7.5%; p > 0.05). The TNF-α levels (pg/ml) of type 2 diabetic without tuberculosis infection were higher than those of type 2 diabetic with tuberculosis infection and HC subjects (7.42 ± 0.78 vs 2.23 ± 0.51 vs 2.57 ± 0.63; p < 0.01). The TNF-α levels in the GA+AA genotypes were higher than the GG wild-type genotype (p > 0.05). There was no significant deviation of genotype frequency and allele from Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium.
conclusionThe gene polymorphism (-308G/A) had no association with type 2 diabetic patients with and without tuberculosis infection and the gene polymorphism (-308G/A) was not influence the TNF-α levels but there was a significant differentiation of TNF-α levels between the groups.
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