Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32165914›Full record

ArticleInfectious agents and cancer2020

Sociodemographic factors, health seeking behaviors, reproductive history, and knowledge of cervical screening among women in Swaziland.

Ibironke O Aina, Smruti M Raul, Luz A Padilla, Simangele Mthethwa-Hleta, Peter O Preko, Pauline E Jolly

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious agents and cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 29% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Ibironke O Aina1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1655 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022 USA.
Smruti M Raul1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1655 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022 USA.
Luz A Padilla1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1655 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022 USA.
Simangele Mthethwa-Hleta2Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2nd Floor Ministry of Justice & Constitutional Affairs Building, Mhalambanyatsi Road, Mbabane, Swaziland.
Peter O PrekoCare and Treatment Lead for the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Jubela Street; Kent Rock, Mbabane, Swaziland.
Pauline E Jolly1Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1655 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022 USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1718-6908
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USMinistry of Health and Social Welfare · TZPresident's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief · US

Funding

UAB CANCER RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR STUDENTS(CARES)R25CA076023 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SMITH, PETER R., WATERBOR, JOHN W · 1999 to 2020
$5.6M
UAB Public Health/Biomedical Research Training ProgramT37MD001448 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI JOLLY, PAULINE EVADNE · 2005 to 2024
$4.8M
NCI NIH HHS R25 CA076023NIMHD NIH HHS T37 MD001448
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer among women in Swaziland; however, a low rate of cervical screening in this population has led to high rates of morbidity and mortality from cervical cancer.

objectiveTo identify factors associated with lack of cervical screening among women in Swaziland.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 women aged 18-69 years attending clinics in three regions of Swaziland from May to August of 2014. An investigator-administered questionnaire was used to collect data on socioeconomic factors, health-seeking behaviors, reproductive history, and cervical screening history and knowledge from the women.

resultsAdjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that women < 30 years of age were less likely to receive a cervical exam compared to women ≥30 years of age (Odds Ratio 0.06, 95% Confidence Interval 0.01-0.67). Women who had a tertiary education were almost 6 times more likely to receive a cervical screening (OR 5.83, 95% CI 1.11-30.50). Women who said that they did not know when to receive cervical screening were 73% less likely to have a cervical exam (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.01-0.74).

conclusionsYounger age, lower educational level, and lack of knowledge about when to receive a cervical screening affected whether women obtained a cervical screening. This indicates the need for educating women, particularly younger women, about the importance of cervical examinations. Addressing these barriers to screening should lead to a decrease in cervical lesions and cancer, especially in this high HIV-positive population.

Indexed as

Cervical screeningHealth-seeking behaviorsKnowledge of cervical cancerReproductive historySociodemographic factorsSwazilandVisual inspection with acetic acid

Identifiers

PMID32165914
PMCPMC7059331
OpenAlexW3011276593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.