ArticleJournal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation2021
Listener Age and Gender Diversity: Effects on Voice-based Perception of Gender.
Article in Journal of voice : official journal of the Voice Foundation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Influencing Auditory Perception of Masculinity and Naturalness in Transmasculine Voices.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2026Article
- Voice gender diversity: expression, perception and acoustics.Royal Society open science · 2025Review
- Voice Pitch Shaping and Genderization: New Needs of Cosmetic Phonoplastic Surgery.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2024Article
- Short-term effects of a speech feminization program for transgender women: listener perceptions, self-perception and satisfaction of the voice.International journal of transgender health · 2024Article
- Visual biases in evaluation of speakers' and singers' voice type by cis and trans listeners.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Resynthesis of Transmasculine Voices to Assess Gender Perception as a Function of Testosterone Therapy.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2022Article
- Effect of Anchor Term on Auditory-Perceptual Ratings of Feminine and Masculine Speakers.Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR · 2022Article
- Voice and Speech Changes in Transmasculine Individuals Following Circumlaryngeal Massage and Laryngeal Reposturing.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2022Article
- Speech intelligibility and talker gender classification with noise-vocoded and tone-vocoded speech.JASA express letters · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveAn important clinical outcome of voice masculinization treatments in transmasculine speakers is voice-based perception of gender. Rigorous assessments of voice treatment that utilize ratings of perception of gender typically do not control for demographic characteristics of the listeners. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of listeners' age and gender diversity on voice-based judgments of speaker gender.
methodsSpeech stimuli were produced by a single transmasculine individual over approximately one year of hormone replacement therapy, during which he experienced significant changes in his voice. Three groups of listeners rated speech stimuli on a visual analog scale with anchors ranging from "definitely male" to "guessing male" to "guessing female" to "definitely female." Listener groups were N = 10 cisgender young adults, N = 10 cisgender older adults, and N = 10 gender diverse individuals.
resultsAll groups rated the speaker as consistently female through week 14 of hormone replacement therapy and consistently male after week 28. Mean responses of the three groups of listeners were highly correlated (Pearson's correlations all r > 0.97).
conclusionGiven reasonable group sizes, average ratings of gender perception of a transmasculine speaker are not highly influenced by varying listener age and gender minority status.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.