ArticleSocial science & medicine (1982)2020
Transgender stigma: A critical scoping review of definitions, domains, and measures used in empirical research.
Article in Social science & medicine (1982), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer People's Experiences of Stigma Across the Spectrum of Inpatient Psychiatric Care: A Systematic Review.International journal of mental health nursing · 2025Pooled it
- Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health.PloS one · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of a Brief Social Contact Video on Transphobia and Depression-Related Stigma Among Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- The lived experience of trans persons: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2026Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of a mindful self-compassion intervention for transgender and gender-diverse individuals in Hong Kong: a mixed-method pilot study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Cultural Adaptation and Evaluation of Evidence for Validity of a Gender Minority Stress Measure Among Transgender Women and Transfeminine People in China.Transgender health · 2026Article
- Learning Health Systems, Equity, and Bounded Justice: A Critical Scoping Review.Learning health systems · 2026Article
- PrEP Intentions, Heavy Substance Use, and Gender Affirmation among Black and Latine Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Gender minority stress, resilience, and mental health in clinic-referred transgender and gender-diverse adolescents: a network analysis.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2026Article
- Mental health impacts of anti-trans stigma on transgender people in Australia: a mixed-methods study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Gender-based discrimination towards cisgender women in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review of definitions and measures used in the health literature.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Forms of transphobia and their influence on health outcomes among transgender, nonbinary, and gender diverse individuals: a global systematic review.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
- Oral Health and Sociodemographic Aspects in Transgender People: A Descriptive Exploratory Study.Journal of oral rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Perceived Stigma and Quality of Life in Binary and Nonbinary/Queer Transgender Individuals in Italy: The Mediating Roles of Patient-Provider Relationship Quality and Barriers to Care.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Article
- Intentions to Use PrEP Among a National Sample of Transgender and Gender-Expansive Youth and Emerging Adults: Examining Gender Minority Stress, Substance Use, and Gender Affirmation.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Understanding Suicide Stigma in Fly-In/Fly-Out Workers: A Thematic Analysis of Attitudes Towards Suicide, Help-Seeking and Help-Offering.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Relationships between structural stigma, societal stigma, and minority stress among gender minority people.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A scoping review examining measurement of anti-transgender stigma in low- and middle-income countries.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Psychometric properties of the transgender identity stigma scale in Argentina.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- "They just knew, and that makes all the difference": Understanding positive healthcare experiences among trans people in Canada.International journal of transgender health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
rationaleA growing body of transgender (trans) health research has explored the relationship between stigma and health; yet, studies have conceptualized and operationalized anti-trans stigma in multiple ways.
objectiveThis scoping review aims to critically analyze quantitative measures of anti-trans stigma in the U.S. using a socioecological framework.
methodWe organized and appraised measures from 126 included articles according to socioecological level: structural, interpersonal, or individual.
resultsOf the identified articles, 36 measured anti-trans stigma at the structural level (i.e., institutional structures and policies), 102 measured anti-trans at the interpersonal level (i.e., community interactions), and 44 measured anti-trans stigma at the individual level (i.e., internalized or anticipated stigma). Definitions of anti-trans stigma varied substantially across articles. Most measures were adapted from measures developed for other populations (i.e., sexual minorities) and were not previously validated for trans samples.
conclusionsStudies analyzing anti-trans stigma should concretely define anti-trans stigma. There is a need to develop measures of anti-trans stigma at all socioecological levels informed by the lived experiences of trans people.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.