Trial reportNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2020
Serum bicarbonate and cardiovascular events in hypertensive adults: results from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial.
Trial report in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01206062 (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum bicarbonate concentration and the risk of death in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II.Acta diabetologica · 2023Trial
- A novel nomogram to predict mortality in patients with stroke: a survival analysis based on the MIMIC-III clinical database.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2022Trial
- Effect of Sodium Bicarbonate on Indicators of Volume Retention in Metabolic Acidosis After Kidney Transplantation: A Post-Hoc Analysis.Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Metabolic Acidosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Treatment-A Narrative Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Association between serum bicarbonate and 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with infective endocarditis: a cohort study from MIMIC-IV.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Dietary Fiber Intake and Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Report From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study.Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation · 2025Article
- Association of serum bicarbonate with 28-day and 90-day mortality in patients with epilepsy and concurrent sepsis: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- [What is confirmed in the treatment of metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease?]Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Serum bicarbonate levels, kidney injury progression, and overall survival: which came first, the chicken or the egg?International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Metabolic Acidosis in CKD: Pathogenesis, Adverse Effects, and Treatment Effects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Pathophysiology of Diet-Induced Acid Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Effect of sodium bicarbonate on cardiovascular outcome and mortality in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Relationship between serum bicarbonate levels and the risk of death within 30 days in ICU patients with acute ischemic stroke.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Acidosis in renal disease: should we be concerned?Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022Article
- Time-updated anion gap and cardiovascular events in advanced chronic kidney disease: a cohort study.Clinical kidney journal · 2022Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Veverimer in Acidotic Patients With CKD and Heart Failure.Kidney international reports · 2021Article
- Association of Pre-ESRD Serum Bicarbonate with Post-ESRD Mortality in Patients with Incident ESRD.American journal of nephrology · 2021Article
- Metabolic Acidosis and Cardiovascular Disease in CKD.Kidney medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLow serum bicarbonate level is associated with increased mortality, but its role as a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is unclear. This study evaluates the association between serum bicarbonate concentration and CVD and whether the effect of intensive blood pressure (BP) lowering on CVD outcomes is modified by serum bicarbonate level.
methodsThe Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) randomized participants to a systolic BP target <120 mmHg (intensive treatment) or <140 mmHg (standard treatment). The primary CVD outcome was a composite of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), acute coronary syndrome not resulting in MI, stroke, acute decompensated heart failure and CVD death. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics were used to evaluate the association of interest in 9334 SPRINT participants (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01206062).
resultsOver a median follow-up of 3.33 years (interquartile range 2.87-3.87 years), 618 (6.6%) participants experienced a primary CVD outcome. Participants with serum bicarbonate <22 mEq/L had a significantly higher risk of the primary CVD outcome (hazard ratio 1.54; 95% confidence interval 1.11-2.14, P = 0.01), compared with participants with bicarbonate 22-26 mEq/L. The magnitude of the CVD risk reduction with intensive BP lowering was similar across bicarbonate strata (P-value for interaction = 0.97).
conclusionsIn hypertensive individuals, serum bicarbonate level <22 mEq/L was associated with an increased CVD risk. The effect of intensive BP lowering on CVD outcomes was not modified by the serum bicarbonate level.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.