ArticlePloS one2020
High expression of Helicobacter pylori VapD in both the intracellular environment and biopsies from gastric patients with severity.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Internalization ofAnnals of medicine · 2026Review
- The role of toxin-antitoxin systems inJournal of bacteriology · 2026Review
- Expression of the VapD protein byMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2026Article
- Clinical Presentation, Detection, and Immunopathogenesis ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A novel corrected anion gap links metabolic acid attack to peptic ulcer disease.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- CoccoidVirulence · 2025Review
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- Pathotyping and molecular serotyping of clinical isolates of Glaesserella parasuis in Taiwan.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2025Article
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- Effect of Divalent Metal Ions on the Ribonuclease Activity of the Toxin Molecule HP0894 fromLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Study ofCancers · 2023Article
- Comparative genomics analysis of statistically significant genomic islands of Helicobacter pylori strains for better understanding the disease prognosis.Bioscience reports · 2022Article
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- Toxin-Antitoxin Systems - A New Player in Morphological Transformation of Antibiotic-ExposedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Defining theFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes chronic atrophic gastritis and peptic ulcers and it has been associated with the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). One of the more remarkable characteristics of H. pylori is its ability to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach. H. pylori regulates the expression of specific sets of genes allowing it to survive high acidity levels and nutrient scarcity. In the present study, we determined the expression of virulence associated protein D (VapD) of H. pylori inside adenocarcinoma gastric (AGS) cells and in gastric biopsies. Using qRT-PCR, VapD expression was quantified in intracellular H. pylori-AGS cell cultures at different time points and in gastric mucosa biopsies from patients suffering from chronic atrophic gastritis, follicular gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastritis precancerous intestinal metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. Our results show that vapD of H. pylori presented high transcription levels inside AGS cells, which increased up to two-fold above basal values across all assays over time. Inside AGS cells, H. pylori acquired a coccoid form that is metabolically active in expressing VapD as a protection mechanism, thereby maintaining its permanence in a viable non-cultivable state. VapD of H. pylori was expressed in all gastric biopsies, however, higher expression levels (p = 0.029) were observed in gastric antrum biopsies from patients with follicular gastritis. The highest VapD expression levels were found in both antrum and corpus gastric biopsies from older patients (>57 years old). We observed that VapD in H. pylori is a protein that is only produced in response to interactions with eukaryotic cells. Our results suggest that VapD contributes to the persistence of H. pylori inside the gastric epithelial cells, protecting the microorganism from the intracellular environment, reducing its growth rate, enabling long-term infection and treatment resistance.
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