ArticlePloS one2020
Relationship between lipid layer thickness, incomplete blinking rate and tear film instability in patients with different myopia degrees after small-incision lenticule extraction.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characteristics of the meibomian gland in a population without dry eye symptoms.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tear film lipid layer thickness and blink dynamics in patients with blepharospasm.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Reduced Ocular Surface Inflammation in SMILE Patients: The Beneficial Outcome of 0.1% Ciclosporin Cationic Emulsion Treatment.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Blinking characteristics analyzed by a deep learning model and the relationship with tear film stability in children with long-term use of orthokeratology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Anterior segment inflammation and its association with dry eye parameters following myopic SMILE and FS-LASIK.Annals of medicine · 2023Observational
- Refractive surgery and dry eye - An update.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2023Review
- Combination therapy with 3% diquafosol tetrasodium ophthalmic solution and sodium hyaluronate: an effective therapy for patients with dry eye after femtosecond laser-assistedFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- The effect of incomplete blinking rate on corneal epithelial remodeling after trans-PRK surgery: a six-month study.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Measurements of Tear Evaporation Rate in Subjects with Refractive Errors Using a Portable Evaporimeter.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Evaluation of Tear Evaporation Rate in Patients with Diabetes Using a Hand-Held Evaporimeter.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Group-Based Trajectory Modeling to Identify Factors Influencing the Development of Myopia in Patients Receiving Orthokeratology.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Orthokeratology Lens Wear for 2 Years in Children Did Not Alter Tear Film Lipid Thickness by Non-Invasive Interferometry.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo elucidate the relationship between lipid layer thickness (LLT), incomplete blinking rate and tear film stability in patients with different myopia degrees after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and to determine whether there is a difference in the prevalence of dry eye disease (DED) after SMILE among patients with different myopia degrees.
methodsFifty patients (100 eyes) were enrolled in this study; they were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of spherical refraction: a low-myopia group (LMG; spherical refraction ≤-3.00 D, 20 eyes), a moderate-myopia group (MMG; -3.00 D < spherical refraction <-6.00 D, 40 eyes), and a high-myopia group (HMG; spherical refraction ≧-6.00 D, 40 eyes). Testing indicators included the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), fluorescein tear film breakup time (FBUT), corneal fluorescence staining (CFS), the Schirmer test (SI), lipid layer thickness (LLT), blink rate (BR) per 20 seconds, incomplete blinking rate, noninvasive keratograph assessment of first and average tear film breakup time (NIKBUTf, NIKBUTav), and tear meniscus height (TMH). Each indicator was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 w, 1 mo and 3 mo.
resultsThe mean age was 29.12±5.95 years. There were no significant differences among the three groups (p>0.05), except preoperative age (p = 0.006). There were significant differences in the FBUT among the three groups at postoperative 1 w and 1 mo (p<0.05). There were significant differences in the incomplete blinking rate and FBUT between the LMG and the HMG at postoperative 1 mo (p<0.05). The number of first tear film breakup points located beyond the 6 mm diameter of the cornea was higher in the HMG than in the other groups. The prevalence of DED in the LMG, the MMG, the HMG was 15%, 8% and 23%, respectively, at 1 w postoperative and 30%, 45% and 53%, respectively, at postoperative 1 mo. The change in LLT was significantly correlated with the changes in FBUT (r = 0.408, p<0.001) and incomplete blinking rate (r = -0.266, p = 0.007). The change in OSDI was negatively correlated with the change in SI (r = -0.502, p = 0.000).
conclusionsThe changes in LLT and incomplete blinking rate decreased the stability of the tear film. The changes in LLT, FBUT and incomplete blinking rate differed postoperatively with different myopia degrees. The prevalence of DED was higher in the HMG than in the other two groups.
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