ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2020
Vaccination With Moderate Coverage Eradicates Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses If a Gender-Neutral Strategy Is Applied.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 26 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of Cervical Screening in HPV Vaccinated Women - a Randomized Trial
Effectiveness of Cervical Screening in Unvaccinated, Herd Effect Protected Women - A Randomized Trial
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for the prevention of cervical cancer and other HPV-related diseases: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Temporal changes in prevalence and geographical distribution of human papillomavirus infection in mainland China: a systematic review and analysis of 1.07 million females from 2010 to 2021.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Gender-neutral vs. gender-specific strategies in school-based HPV vaccination programs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Global and regional estimates of genital human papillomavirus prevalence among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2023Pooled it
- Increasing HPV Vaccination Uptake among Adolescents: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Trial
- Human papillomavirus vaccine efficacy against invasive, HPV-positive cancers: population-based follow-up of a cluster-randomised trial.BMJ open · 2021Trial
- Effectiveness of various human papillomavirus vaccination strategies: A community randomized trial in Finland.Cancer medicine · 2021Trial
- Elimination of HPV-associated cancers: universal HPV vaccination and the role of anal screening - a meeting report.BMC proceedings · 2026Article
- The Long-Term Effect of 2 and 3 Doses of Bivalent HPV Vaccination Against HPV Infections: A Comparison Between 2 Observational Cohort Studies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Observational
- Predicting optimal impact interventions in the post-HPV vaccination world.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Assessing the influence of male vaccination on cervical cancer elimination in China under different vaccination coverage scenarios: A modeling study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- The effects of human papillomavirus vaccination in Japan.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus in 23,495 Cases in Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Population-Based Age-Period-Cohort Analysis of Declining Human Papillomavirus Prevalence.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Article
- The role of personal health beliefs and altruistic beliefs in young Chinese adult men's acceptance of the human papillomavirus vaccine.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Inequities in Screening and HPV Vaccination Programs and Their Impact on Cervical Cancer Statistics in Romania.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer: Global Epidemiology and Public Policy Implications.Cancers · 2023Review
- Assessing the risk of cervical neoplasia in the post-HPV vaccination era.International journal of cancer · 2023Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of girls with very high (>90%) coverage has the potential to eradicate oncogenic HPVs, but such high coverage is hard to achieve. However, the herd effect (HE) depends both on the HPV type and the vaccination strategy.
methodsWe randomized 33 Finnish communities into gender-neutral HPV16/18 vaccination, girls-only HPV16/18 vaccination, and hepatitis B virus vaccination arms. In 2007-2010, 11 662 of 20 513 of 40 852 of 39 420 resident boys/girls from 1992 to 1995 birth cohorts consented. In 2010-2014, cervicovaginal samples from vaccinated and unvaccinated girls at age 18.5 years were typed for HPV6/11/16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68. Vaccine efficacy for vaccinated girls, HE for unvaccinated girls, and the protective effectiveness (PE) for all girls were estimated. We extended the community-randomized trial results about vaccination strategy with mathematical modeling to assess HPV eradication.
resultsThe HE and PE estimates in the 1995 birth cohort for HPV18/31/33 were significant in the gender-neutral arm and 150% and 40% stronger than in the girls-only arm. Concordantly, HPV18/31/33 eradication was already predicted in adolescents/young adults in 20 years with 75% coverage of gender-neutral vaccination. With the 75% coverage, eventual HPV16 eradication was also predicted, but only with the gender-neutral strategy.
conclusionsGender-neutral vaccination is superior for eradication of oncogenic HPVs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.