ReviewFrontiers in neurology2020
Identification and Management of Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity After Traumatic Brain Injury.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Propranolol monotherapy versus combined propranolol-gabapentin for prevention of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after moderate-severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Trial
- Prognostic utility of on-admission pulse pressure in hospitalized patients with traumatic brain injury.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Recognising and differentiating paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity after severe traumatic brain injury: a practical diagnostic approach.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2026Review
- Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity secondary to hypoglycemic encephalopathy: A case report.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Article
- New insights and predictability from in vivo recordings of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in disorders of consciousness.Clinical autonomic research : official journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society · 2026Article
- Extensive miliaria crystallina secondary to paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in a hospitalized trauma patient.JAAD case reports · 2026Article
- Neuropharmacology in pediatric traumatic brain injury.Journal of pediatric rehabilitation medicine · 2026Review
- Early Autonomic Dysfunction Following Severe TBI and Impact on Cerebral Hemodynamics: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Paradoxical reflex bradycardia in paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity following traumatic brain injury: a case report.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Article
- Cerebral fat embolism presenting as paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity.Trauma case reports · 2025Article
- Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity in tubercular meningitis: An underacknowledged association.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Review
- The Impact of Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity on Prognosis in Patients with Severe Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2025Observational
- Article
- Intrathecal baclofen therapy can improve spasticity associated with infantile-onset dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy: illustrative cases.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Heart Rate Variability and Cerebral Autoregulation in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury with Paroxysmal Sympathetic Hyperactivity Syndrome.Neurocritical care · 2025Article
- Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity syndrome after brain injury: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study.Medical gas research · 2025Observational
- Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity risk modeling based on transients in time series describing the autonomic nervous system and cerebral hemodynamics.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Article
- Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature.European journal of medical research · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) has predominantly been described after traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is associated with hyperthermia, hypertension, tachycardia, tachypnea, diaphoresis, dystonia (hypertonia or spasticity), and even motor features such as extensor/flexion posturing. Despite the pathophysiology of PSH not being completely understood, most researchers gradually agree that PSH is driven by the loss of the inhibition of excitation in the sympathetic nervous system without parasympathetic involvement. Recently, advances in the clinical and diagnostic features of PSH in TBI patients have reached a broad clinical consensus in many neurology departments. These advances should provide a more unanimous foundation for the systematic research on this clinical syndrome and its clear management. Clinically, a great deal of attention has been paid to the definition and diagnostic criteria, epidemiology and pathophysiology, symptomatic treatment, and prevention and control of secondary brain injury of PSH in TBI patients. Potential benefits of treatment for PSH may result from the three main goals: eliminating predisposing causes, mitigating excessive sympathetic outflow, and supportive therapy. However, individual pathophysiological differences, therapeutic responses and outcomes, and precision medicine approaches to PSH management are varied and inconsistent between studies. Further, many potential therapeutic drugs might suppress manifestations of PSH in the process of TBI treatment. The purpose of this review is to present current and comprehensive studies of the identification of PSH after TBI in the early stage and provide a framework for symptomatic management of TBI patients with PSH.
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