ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2020
Exploring histone loading on HIV DNA reveals a dynamic nucleosome positioning between unintegrated and integrated viral genome.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Structural basis of lenacapavir-induced HIV-1 capsid defects during virion maturation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- BRCA1-RAD51 homologous DNA repair pathway promotes HIV-1 reverse transcription.Science advances · 2026Article
- The HIV-1 restriction factor RPRD2 does not inhibit transcription of HIV-1 or endogenous retroelements.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Non-integrase mechanisms for dolutegravir resistance.Retrovirology · 2026Review
- Block-and-Lock Approaches for HIV Cure: Mechanistic Insights, Challenges, and Emerging Role of CPSF6.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Breaking into HIV-1's Epigenetic Vault: Cure Strategies to Eliminate the Viral Reservoir.Viruses · 2026Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms of retroviral regulation: a comparative review.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2026Review
- Review
- The strategies and advances of mRNA translation booster.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA recruits cGAS via its histone-binding domain to escape innate immunity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Impact of chromatin on HIV-1 latency: a multi-dimensional perspective.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Stepwise order in protein complex assembly: approaches and emerging themes.Open biology · 2025Review
- The influence of HIV sense and antisense transcripts on stochastic HIV transcription and reactivation.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Brief Histories of Retroviral Integration Research and Associated International Conferences.Viruses · 2024Review
- PTEN Mediates the Silencing of Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA.Viruses · 2024Article
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation of Retroviral Genomes with Antibodies Recognizing Modified Histones and Specific Viral Proteins.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- HIV-1 Gag co-localizes with euchromatin histone marks at the nuclear periphery.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- Capsid-host interactions for HIV-1 ingress.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- Review
- Breaking the Silence: Regulation of HIV Transcription and Latency on the Road to a Cure.Viruses · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand the biology of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA and reveal the mechanisms involved in its transcriptional silencing. We found that histones are loaded on HIV-1 DNA after its nuclear import and before its integration in the host genome. Nucleosome positioning analysis along the unintegrated and integrated viral genomes revealed major differences in nucleosome density and position. Indeed, in addition to the well-known nucleosomes Nuc0, Nuc1, and Nuc2 loaded on integrated HIV-1 DNA, we also found NucDHS, a nucleosome that covers the DNase hypersensitive site, in unintegrated viral DNA. In addition, unintegrated viral DNA-associated Nuc0 and Nuc2 were positioned slightly more to the 5' end relative to their position in integrated DNA. The presence of NucDHS in the proximal region of the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter was associated with the absence of RNAPII and of the active histone marks H3K4me3 and H3ac at the LTR. Conversely, analysis of integrated HIV-1 DNA showed a loss of NucDHS, loading of RNAPII, and enrichment in active histone marks within the LTR. We propose that unintegrated HIV-1 DNA adopts a repressive chromatin structure that competes with the transcription machinery, leading to its silencing.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.