ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2020
Distinct Symptom-Specific Treatment Targets for Circuit-Based Neuromodulation.
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 348 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mapping the multi-scale landscape of vascular cognitive impairment: from structural atrophy networks to cellular and neurochemical substrates.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Mapping symptom-general and symptom-specific targets for transcranial magnetic stimulation in schizophrenia: an electric-field modeling meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Neural correlates of peripartum depression: a systematic review, meta-analysis and comparison to major depressive disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Convergent functional effects of antidepressants in major depressive disorder: a neuroimaging meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Challenges and future directions of transcranial direct current stimulation for depression: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Pooled it
- A transdiagnostic network for psychiatric illness derived from atrophy and lesions.Nature human behaviour · 2023Pooled it
- Activation network mapping for integration of heterogeneous fMRI findings.Nature human behaviour · 2022Pooled it
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment in Alzheimer's disease: a meta-analysis of its efficacy as a function of protocol characteristics and degree of personalization.Journal of neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Placebo effects and neuromodulation for depression: a meta-analysis and evaluation of shared mechanisms.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for geriatric depression.Ageing research reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Target engagement in a head-to-head clinical trial of dysphoric versus anxiosomatic transcranial magnetic stimulation targets.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Trial
- Circuit-targeted modulation of anxiety symptoms in individuals with major depression: A randomized head-to-head TMS trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation for Depressive Symptoms in Parkinson Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Intermittent theta burst stimulation for non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents with major depressive disorder: a randomized, sham-controlled trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- A sequential dual-site repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder: A randomized clinical trial.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Individualizing rTMS in treatment-resistant depression from patient-specific perfusion abnormalities a proof-of-concept randomized trial in comparison to standard rTMS and tDCS.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Trial
- A comparison between rTMS and antidepressant medication on depressive symptom clusters in treatment-resistant depression.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Trial
- Comparing neuromodulation targets to reduce cigarette craving and withdrawal: a randomized clinical trial.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Functional connectivity subtypes during a positive mood induction: Predicting clinical response in a randomized controlled trial of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Trial
- Intermittent theta-burst stimulation with adjunctive D-cycloserine rapidly resolves suicidal ideation and decreases implicit association with death/suicide.Psychological medicine · 2025Trial
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTreatment of different depression symptoms may require different brain stimulation targets with different underlying brain circuits. The authors sought to identify such targets, which could improve the efficacy of therapeutic brain stimulation and facilitate personalized therapy.
methodsThe authors retrospectively analyzed two independent cohorts of patients who received left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for treatment of depression (discovery sample, N=30; active replication sample, N=81; sham replication sample, N=87). Each patient's TMS site was mapped to underlying brain circuits using functional connectivity MRI from a large connectome database (N=1,000). Circuits associated with improvement in each depression symptom were identified and then clustered based on similarity. The authors tested for reproducibility across data sets and whether symptom-specific targets derived from one data set could predict symptom improvement in the other independent cohort.
resultsThe authors identified two distinct circuit targets effective for two discrete clusters of depressive symptoms. Dysphoric symptoms, such as sadness and anhedonia, responded best to stimulation of one circuit, while anxiety and somatic symptoms responded best to stimulation of a different circuit. These circuit maps were reproducible, predicted symptom improvement in independent patient cohorts, and were specific to active compared with sham stimulation. The maps predicted symptom improvement in an exploratory analysis of stimulation sites from 14 clinical TMS trials.
conclusionsDistinct clusters of depressive symptoms responded better to different TMS targets across independent retrospective data sets. These symptom-specific targets can be prospectively tested in a randomized clinical trial. This data-driven approach for identifying symptom-specific targets may prove useful for other disorders and facilitate personalized neuromodulation therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.