ArticleCurrent developments in nutrition2020
Eating Pattern Response to a Low-Fat Diet Intervention and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Normotensive Women: The Women's Health Initiative.
Article in Current developments in nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00000611 (Women's Health Initiative), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Women's Health Initiative (WHI)
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Plant-Based Diets Reduce Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review of Recent Evidence.Current hypertension reports · 2023Pooled it
- Brain patterns and risk factors in the FINGER RCT multimodal lifestyle intervention.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2025Trial
- A low-fat diet improves fatigue in multiple sclerosis: Results from a randomized controlled trial.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2023Trial
- Biomarker-Calibrated Macronutrient Intake and Chronic Disease Risk among Postmenopausal Women.The Journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Low-fat dietary pattern and dietary advanced glycation end-products intake: a secondary analysis of the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Self-reported engagement in healthy eating behaviors is associated with favorable dietary intake among adults in Puerto Rico.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Mortality Associated with Healthy Eating Index Components and an Empirical-Scores Healthy Eating Index in a Cohort of Postmenopausal Women.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Contributions of the Women's Health Initiative to Cardiovascular Research: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2022Review
- Breast Cancer Prevention and Breast Cancer Mortality.JCO oncology practice · 2022Article
- Nutritional epidemiology and the Women's Health Initiative: a review.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Review
- Fat, Sugar or Gut Microbiota in Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk: Does Diet Type Really Matter?Nutrients · 2021Review
- Protein Intake by Source and Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality: The Women's Health Initiative.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWomen without cardiovascular disease (CVD) or hypertension at baseline assigned to intervention in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification (DM) trial experienced 30% lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), whereas results in women with hypertension or prior CVD could have been confounded by postrandomization use of statins.
objectivesIntervention participants reported various self-selected changes to achieve the 20% total fat goals. Reviewed are intervention compared with comparison group HRs for CHD, stroke, and total CVD in relation to specific dietary changes in normotensive participants.
methodsDietary change was assessed by comparing baseline with year 1 FFQ data in women (
resultsIntervention participants self-reported compensating reduced energy intake from total fat by increasing carbohydrate and protein. Specifically they increased plant protein, with those in the upper quartile (increased total protein by ≥3.3% of energy) having a CHD HR of 0.39 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.71), compared with 0.92 (95% CI: 0.57, 1.48) for those in the lower quartile of change (decreased total protein ≥0.6% of energy), with
conclusionsIntervention group total fat reduction replaced with increased carbohydrate and some protein, especially plant-based protein, was related to lower CHD risk in normotensive women without CVD who reported high baseline total fat intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00000611. Link to the WHI trial protocol: https://www.whi.org/about/SitePages/Dietary%20Trial.aspx.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.