ArticleJournal of inflammation research2020
Differential Immune Activating, Anti-Inflammatory, and Regenerative Properties of the Aqueous, Ethanol, and Solid Fractions of a Medicinal Mushroom Blend.
Article in Journal of inflammation research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Polypore mushroom mycelia as an adjunct to COVID-19 vaccination: a randomized clinical trial.BMC immunology · 2026Trial
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- Adaptive resilience: agarikon mycelium modulates immune responses and provides oxidative stress buffering in human immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cloning and Functional Analysis of the Aldehyde Dehydrogenase GeneJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Promoting Cellular Longevity with Mushroom Extracts.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Bioactive Peptides and Other Immunomodulators of Mushroom Origin.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Effects of a β-Glucan-Rich Blend of Medicinal Mushrooms and Botanicals on Innate Immune Cell Activation and Function Are Enhanced by a Very Low Dose of Bovine Colostrum Peptides.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Differential Activities of the Botanical Extract PBI-05204 and Oleandrin on Innate Immune Functions under Viral Challenge Versus Inflammatory Culture Conditions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Food By-Products and Agro-Industrial Wastes as a Source of β-Glucans for the Formulation of Novel Nutraceuticals.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Immunomodulatory activity of extracts from five edible basidiomycetes mushrooms in Wistar albino rats.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Identification of the Antidepressant Function of the Edible MushroomJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Immunoregulatory Products.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Integrative considerations during the COVID-19 pandemic.Explore (New York, N.Y.)Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo compare three fractions of a medicinal mushroom blend (MMB), MyCommunity, on immune-activation, inflammation-regulation, and induction of biomarkers involved in regenerative functions.
methodsA seventeen-species MMB was sequentially extracted: first, saline solution at ambient temperature, followed by re-extraction of the solids in ethanol, and finally resuspension of the homogenized ethanol-insoluble solids in cell-culture media. Fractions were tested on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from three healthy donors. Immunostaining, flow-cytometry, and Luminex protein-arrays measured immune-cell activation and cytokine response. Dose-responses for induction of the CD69 early activation marker and individual cytokine and growth-factor responses for each donor were evaluated. The CD69 and the combined cytokine and growth-factor results were subjected to Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and multivariate ordination to aid interpretation of the aggregate immune response and pairwise permutational MANOVA on a distance-matrix to evaluate statistical differences between treatments on pooled data from all donors.
resultsDifferential effects were induced by water-soluble, ethanol-soluble, and insoluble immunomodulatory compounds of the MMB. The aqueous and ethanol fractions upregulated expression of CD69 on all tested cell types. Monocyte-activation was correlated with the ethanol fraction, while NKT and non-NK non-T cell-activation was more closely correlated with the aqueous fraction. The solid fraction was the most potent inducer of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, as well as the anti-viral cytokines interferon-γ, MCP-1 (CCL-2), MIP-1α (CCL-3), and MIP-1β (CCL-4), and induced G-CSF and b-FGF-growth-factors involved in regenerative functions-and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1ra.
conclusionThe aqueous, ethanol, and insoluble compounds within MMB induced differential immune-activating, anti-inflammatory, and regenerative effects. This in vitro data suggests that, upon consumption, MMB may induce a concerted series of immunomodulatory events based on the differential solubility and bioavailability of the active constituents. These differential responses support both immune-activation and resolution of the host defense-induced inflammatory reactions, thus assisting a post-response return to homeostasis.
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