ReviewIntensive care medicine2020
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in adults: a narrative review.
Review in Intensive care medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 8 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 453 papers, 13 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cohort Study to Evaluate the Incidence of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia by Means of Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Patients With Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection
HYDROcortisone Versus Placebo for Severe HospItal-acquired Pneumonia in Intensive Care Patients: the HYDRO-SHIP Study
A Retrospective Cohort Study on Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Caused by Multi-Drug Resistance Organism in SQUH ICU
Pneumonia Direct Pilot
The Efficacy of P0.1-guided Sedation Protocol in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Procalcitonin as a Sepsis Biomarker in Guiding Antibiotics Treatment Duration in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Neuro-ICU: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Colistin Methanesulfonate Sodium Inhalation for Prophylaxis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (CIVAP): A Prospective, Multicentre, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Comparative Diagnostic Accuracy of Procalcitonin Versus Serum Zinc as Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Ventilator Acquired Pneumonia in Adults Admitted to the ICU
Who cites it
453 citing papers in PubMed, 13 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 973 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy of subglottic secretion drainage in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors for carbapenem-resistantFrontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors of nosocomial infection after percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Risk factors and outcomes of ventilator-associated pneumonia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Biofilm Formation on Endotracheal and Tracheostomy Tubing: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Culture Data and Sampling Method.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of restrictive fluid resuscitation on severe acute kidney injury in septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical outcome analysis for surgical fixation versus conservative treatment on rib fractures: a systematic evaluation and meta-analysis.World journal of emergency surgery : WJES · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Tanreqing injection against ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis and systematic review of clinical studies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Inspiratory muscle training for chronic critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2025Pooled it
- Value of bronchial amylase level for predicting ventilator associated pneumonia in intubated adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Candidemia Following Severe COVID-19 in Hospitalised and Critical Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Mycoses · 2024Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness of rapid, ICU-based, syndromic PCR in hospital-acquired pneumonia: analysis of the INHALE WP3 multi-centre RCT.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Continuous versus intermittent cuff pressure monitoring in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Trial
- Bacterial Colonization of Silver-Additive Ventilator Circuit in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Trial
- Application of double-sleeve endotracheal tube in infection control for icu patients: a randomized controlled trial.Head & face medicine · 2025Trial
- INHALE WP3, a multicentre, open-label, pragmatic randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of rapid, ICU-based, syndromic PCR, versus standard-of-care on antibiotic stewardship and clinical outcomes in hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia.Intensive care medicine · 2025Trial
- Association of Mobilization and Chest Physiotherapy on Weaning Outcome of Prolonged Weaning Subjects: A Retrospective Cohort.Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy · 2026Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation and Prolonged Postoperative Hospital Stay after Ozaki Procedure for Pediatric Aortic Valve Diseases.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
393 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most frequent ICU-acquired infections. Reported incidences vary widely from 5 to 40% depending on the setting and diagnostic criteria. VAP is associated with prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay. The estimated attributable mortality of VAP is around 10%, with higher mortality rates in surgical ICU patients and in patients with mid-range severity scores at admission. Microbiological confirmation of infection is strongly encouraged. Which sampling method to use is still a matter of controversy. Emerging microbiological tools will likely modify our routine approach to diagnosing and treating VAP in the next future. Prevention of VAP is based on minimizing the exposure to mechanical ventilation and encouraging early liberation. Bundles that combine multiple prevention strategies may improve outcomes, but large randomized trials are needed to confirm this. Treatment should be limited to 7 days in the vast majority of the cases. Patients should be reassessed daily to confirm ongoing suspicion of disease, antibiotics should be narrowed as soon as antibiotic susceptibility results are available, and clinicians should consider stopping antibiotics if cultures are negative.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.