ArticleBrain and behavior2020
Sex differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation after chronic unpredictable stress.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The nonpeptide angiotensin-(1-7) mimic AVE0991 attenuates neuroendocrine and behavioral responses to chronic unpredictable stress.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Behavioral Responses to Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress in Swiss Mice.The European journal of neuroscience · 2026Article
- The complex relationship between endocrine and psychiatric disorders: an epidemiological study of risk estimates.Medicine and pharmacy reports · 2026Article
- Mas Knockout Mice Present Altered Behavioral and Neuroendocrine Coping Responses to Chronic Unpredictable Stress.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Gender Differences and Comorbidities in Major Depression.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Interplay between the HPA axis and inflammation as mechanisms therapeutic targets ofFrontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Effects of Scruff Restraint and Handling-Tail and Tunnel-on Plasma Corticosterone in Female BALB/c Mice (Mus musculus).Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026Article
- Electroacupuncture attenuates anxiety caused by chronic mild stress through inhibiting NOX2-derived oxidative stress in ventral hippocampus.Neurobiology of stress · 2025Article
- Sex-specific effects of chronic unpredictable stress on mitochondrial function in the HPA axis in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity shapes behavioral outcomes and reveals sex differences in mice exposed to early life stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Common and sex-specific differences in hypothalamic subunit volumes and their links with depressive symptoms in treatment-naïve patients with major depressive disorder.Brain structure & function · 2025Article
- Genetically diverse mice exhibit divergent domain-specific, sex-dependent behavioral outcomes following exposure to early life stress.PloS one · 2025Article
- How sex impacted associations between psychological distress and worry on adults' health behaviours during SARS-CoV-2.PloS one · 2025Article
- Sex-dependent astrocyte reactivity: Unveiling chronic stress-induced morphological changes across multiple brain regions.Neurobiology of disease · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the Effects of Instant Cascara Beverage on the Brain-Gut Axis of Healthy Male and Female Rats.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Heterotypic Stressors Unmask Behavioral Influences of PMAT Deficiency in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Heterotypic stressors unmask behavioral influences of PMAT deficiency in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Medial prefrontal cortical PPM1F alters depression-related behaviors by modifying p300 activity via the AMPK signaling pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Mental Status and Coping Strategies among Adult Mexican Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence of Common Alleles of Some Stress Resilience Genes among Adolescents Born in Different Periods Relative to the Socioeconomic Crisis of the 1990s in Russia.Current issues in molecular biology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionExposure to stress, mediated through the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, elicits sex differences in endocrine, neurological, and behavioral responses. However, the sex-specific factors that confer resilience or vulnerability to stress and stress-associated psychiatric disorders remain largely unknown. The evident sex differences in stress-related disease prevalence suggest the underlying differences in the neurobiological underpinnings of HPA axis regulation.
methodHere, we used a chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model to investigate the behavioral and biochemical responses of the HPA axis in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were tested in the open field and forced swim test to examine anxiety-like and depressive-like behaviors. Plasma corticosterone levels were measured after behavior and CUS, and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and cytosolic and nuclear fractions of binding protein FKBP51 expression were taken to measure function and regulation of the stress response.
resultsOur results indicate increased depressive-like behavior in males and females which correlated with increased corticosterone levels following CUS. However, females displayed more anxiety-like behaviors with and without CUS. Interestingly, we found trends toward dysregulation of GR protein expression in CUS females, and an increase in the GR inhibitory protein, FKBP51, in the cytosol of CUS males but not females.
conclusionThese results suggest biochemical alterations to the HPA axis regulation which may elicit a glucocorticoid resistance in females after chronic stress and may contribute to the sex-biased vulnerability to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.