ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020
Selective Loss of Responsiveness to Exogenous but Not Endogenous Cyclic-Dinucleotides in Mice Expressing STING-R231H.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypomorphic STING1/TMEM173 variants may support immuno-metabolic resilience in aging people living with HIV.GeroScience · 2026Article
- The cGAS-STING pathway: mechanistic basis, dual biological functions and translational therapeutic advances.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Natural Selection of the CommonbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Purine and pyrimidine-based bacterial cyclic dinucleotides egress the phagosome and activate the innate immune sensor STING.Immunity · 2026Article
- Immune gene diversity and STING1 variants in shaping cancer immunity across different genetic ancestry populations.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Precision targeting of STING: Challenges, innovations, and clinical outlook for cancer therapy.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- The germ theory revisited: A noncentric view on infection outcome.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The senescence journey in cancer immunoediting.Molecular cancer · 2024Review
- Emerging mechanisms and implications of cGAS-STING signaling in cancer immunotherapy strategies.Cancer biology & medicine · 2024Review
- STING Protein-Based In Situ Vaccine Synergizes CD4Advanced healthcare materials · 2023Article
- Interplay between human STING genotype and bacterial NADase activity regulates inter-individual disease variability.Nature communications · 2023Article
- cGAS-STING pathway as a potential trigger of immunosenescence and inflammaging.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- STING orchestrates the crosstalk between polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism and inflammatory responses.Cell metabolism · 2022Article
- Au naturale: use of biologically derived cyclic di-nucleotides for cancer immunotherapy.Open biology · 2021Article
- The Age of Cyclic Dinucleotide Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays a central role in innate immune responses to viral and intracellular bacterial infections, and cellular damage. STING is a cytosolic sensor of cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) including those produced by pathogenic bacteria and those arising endogenously as products of the DNA sensor cGAS (e.g., 2'3' cGAMP). The two most common alternative allelic variants of STING in humans are STING-R71H-G230A-R293Q (STING-HAQ) and STING-R232H that are found in 20.4% and 13.7-17.6% of the population, respectively. To determine the biologic consequences of these genotypic variations, we generated knock-in mice containing the murine equivalents of each variant and studied their responsiveness to CDNs. Homozygous STING-HAQ (R71H-I229A-R292Q) and STING-R231H mice were found to be unresponsive to all exogenous CDNs tested (ci-di-GMP, ci-di-AMP, 3'3' cGAMP and Rp,Rp-CDA). Responses of homozygous STING-HAQ mice to endogenous 2'3' cGAMP was also greatly impaired. However, homozygous STING-R231H mice are fully responsive to 2'3' cGAMP. Analysis of heterozygous mice revealed reduced responsiveness to exogenous and endogenous CDNs in mice carrying a single copy of STING-HAQ, while STING-R231H heterozygous mice exhibit reduced responsiveness to exogenous but not endogenous CDNs. These findings confirm and extend previous reports by demonstrating differing impact of allelic variation of STING on the ability to sense and respond to exogenous vs. endogenous CDNs. Finally, the STING-R231H variant mouse represents a useful tool with which to examine the relative contributions of STING sensing of exogenous and endogenous CDNs in the context of bacterial infections and CDN-based cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.