ArticleEnvironmental science and pollution research international2020
Occurrence of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in the eastern cape province of South Africa.
Article in Environmental science and pollution research international, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relationship between land use, seasonality, hydrological conditions, and the adsorption of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and 17Journal of water and health · 2026Article
- Monitoring endocrine-disrupting chemicals and microbial diversity of wastewater treatment maturation ponds.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Environment, Endocrine Disruptors, and Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Metabolic Dysfunction (MASLD).Metabolites · 2024Review
- Article
- Emerging contaminant exposure to aquatic systems in the Southern African Development Community.Environmental toxicology and chemistry · 2022Article
- Agrochemicals in freshwater systems and their potential as endocrine disrupting chemicals: A South African context.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2021Review
- Placental transfer of pesticides studied in human placental perfusion.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds are attracting attention worldwide because of their effects on living things in the environment. Ten endocrine disrupting compounds: 4-nonylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, estrone, 17β-estradiol, bisphenol A, 4-tert-octylphenol, triclosan, atrazine, imidazole and 1,2,4-triazole were investigated in four rivers and wastewater treatment plants in this study. Rivers were sampled at upstream, midstream and downstream reaches, while the influent and effluent samples of wastewater were collected from treatment plants near the receiving rivers. Sample waters were freeze-dried followed by extraction of the organic content and purification by solid-phase extraction. Concentrations of the compounds in the samples were determined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The instrument was operated in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The results showed that these compounds are present in the samples with nonylphenol > dichlorophenol > bisphenol A > triclosan > octylphenol > imidazole > atrazine > triazole > estrone > estradiol. Nonylphenol has its highest concentration of 6.72 μg/L in King Williams Town wastewater influent and 2.55 μg/L in midstream Bloukrans River. Dichlorophenol has its highest concentration in Alice wastewater influent with 2.20 μg/L, while it was 0.737 μg/L in midstream Bloukrans River. Uitenhage wastewater effluent has bisphenol A concentration of 1.684 μg/L while it was 0.477 μg/L in the downstream samples of the Bloukrans River. Generally, the upstream samples of the rivers had lesser concentrations of the compounds. The wastewater treatment plants were not able to achieve total removal of the compounds in the wastewater while runoffs and wastes dump from the cities contributed to the concentrations of the compounds in the rivers.
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