ArticleJournal of neurology2020
Primary DQ effect in the association between HLA and neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 antibodies.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- HLA Class I Haplotype in Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody-Associated Neurological Disease.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Exploratory study of plasma GFAP and GAD65-Ab levels in children with ADHD.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2026Article
- Immunogenetic Studies in Patients With GAD-Positive Stiff-Person Syndrome Reveal Novel Lymphocytic Genes andNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Recent advances in autoimmune encephalitis.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2024Review
- HLA-DR3 ~ DQ2 associates with sensory neuropathy in paraneoplastic neurological syndromes with Hu antibodies.Journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Characterization of Anti-GAD65-Associated Neurological Syndromes: Clinical Features and Antibody Titers.NeuroSci · 2024Article
- Anti-adenylate kinase 5 encephalitis: Clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management of this rare entity.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2023Review
- Stiff Person Spectrum Disorders-An Update and Outlook on Clinical, Pathophysiological and Treatment Perspectives.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- A genome-wide association study in autoimmune neurological syndromes with anti-GAD65 autoantibodies.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2023Article
- An update on malignant tumor-related stiff person syndrome spectrum disorders: clinical mechanism, treatment, and outcomes.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Positive Association Between the Immunogenetic Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Profiles of Multiple Sclerosis and Brain Cancer.Neuroscience insights · 2023Article
- Novelties in Autoimmune and Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Ataxias: Twenty Years of Progresses.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Review
- Neurologic Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review of Literature.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Distinctive clinical presentation and pathogenic specificities of anti-AK5 encephalitis.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Familial autoimmunity in neurological patients with GAD65 antibodies: an interview-based study.Journal of neurology · 2021Article
- Neuropsychiatric Disorders Due to Limbic Encephalitis: Immunologic Aspect.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Transient Neurological Symptoms Preceding Cerebellar Ataxia with Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibodies.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2020Article
- Neurological Syndromes Associated with Anti-GAD Antibodies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Pathophysiology of paraneoplastic and autoimmune encephalitis: genes, infections, and checkpoint inhibitors.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The primary cause of neurological syndromes with antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65-Ab) is unknown, but genetic predisposition may exist as it is suggested by the co-occurrence in patients and their relatives of other organ-specific autoimmune diseases, notably type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and by the reports of a few familial cases. We analyzed the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in 32 unrelated patients and compared them to an ethnically matched sample of 137 healthy controls. Four-digit resolution HLA alleles were imputed from available Genome Wide Association data, and full HLA next-generation sequencing-based typing was also performed. HLA DQA1*05:01-DQB1*02:01-DRB1*03:01 was the most frequent class II haplotype in patients (13/32, 41%). DQB1*02:01 was the only allele found to be significantly more common in patients than in controls (20/137, 15%, corrected p = 0.03, OR 3.96, 95% CI [1.54-10.09]). There was also a trend towards more frequent DQA1*05:01 among patients compared to controls (22/137, 16%; corrected p = 0.05, OR 3.54, 95% CI [1.40-8.91]) and towards a protective effect of DQB1*03:01 (2/32, 6% in patients vs. 42/137, 31% in control group; corrected p = 0.05, OR 0.15, 95% CI [0.02-0.65]). There was no significant demographic or clinical difference between DQ2 and non-DQ2 carriers (p > 0.05). Taken together, these findings suggest a primary DQ effect on GAD65-Ab neurological diseases, partially shared with other systemic organ-specific autoimmune diseases such as T1DM. However, it is likely that other non-HLA loci are involved in the genetic predisposition of GAD65-Ab neurological syndromes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.