ReviewArchives of toxicology2020
Principles of fluoride toxicity and the cellular response: a review.
Review in Archives of toxicology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 329 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluoride as a Modifier of Metallome Homeostasis: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review on the Association Between Water Fluoride Levels and Dental Fluorosis: Exploring the 'Halo Effect' and Confounding Environmental Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Fluoride Intake Through Dental Care Products: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oral health · 2022Pooled it
- Interference on Iodine Uptake and Human Thyroid Function by Perchlorate-Contaminated Water and Food.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- An overview of fluoride stress: physiological and biochemical responses of plants.Plant signaling & behavior · 2026Review
- Terminalia arjuna Bark Nanosuspension Attenuates Fluoride-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and ACE Expression.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Effect of diode laser and hyaluronic acid on occlusion of dentinal tubules: an in-vitro study on human dentin.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Fluoride exposure induces oxidative damage in primary astrocytes of SD rats and changes in the expression of α-synuclein and its effect on Nrf2-NQO1/HO-1 signaling pathway.Journal of bioenergetics and biomembranes · 2026Article
- Article
- Accumulation Patterns of Nitrates, Chlorides, and Fluorides in Fruiting Bodies of Selected Macroscopic Fungi.Chemistry & biodiversity · 2026Article
- Selective Detection of Fe(III) and Al(III) Using an Azo-Functionalized Rhodamine B Chemosensor: Expansion to F- Ion Detection by Al(III)-Probe Complex.Chemistry, an Asian journal · 2026Article
- Ultrastructural alterations of cementum and periodontal ligament in fluorosed teeth: an SEM and EDS study.Odontology · 2026Article
- Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juice Inhibits Fluoride Exposure-Induced Bone Damage in Male Rats by Regulating the Homeostasis of the ROS/TNF-α/NF-κB Pathway.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- CLCEnvironmental microbiology · 2026Article
- The Cariostatic Mechanisms of Fluoride-An Updated Review.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- The Effects of Exercise on Fluorosis: A Comprehensive Multisystem Review.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Water Fluoridation Risks or Benefits: Summary of the Symposium Presented During the Enamel 11 Meeting Held in Paris France.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Benchmark Approach to Unravel Fluoride Toxicity: Liver and Kidney Disruptions in Subacutely Exposed Rats.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Fluoride Induces Spermatogonial Apoptosis via IP3R-MCU-Mediated Mitochondrial Calcium Overload.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Optimal Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water for Preventing Dental Fluorosis and Caries in 8-12-Year-Old Children in Qingdao, China: A Restricted Cubic Spline and Spatial Epidemiological Analysis Following Rural Safe Drinking Water Interventions in Endemic Fluorosis Region.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Fluoride is ubiquitously present throughout the world. It is released from minerals, magmatic gas, and industrial processing, and travels in the atmosphere and water. Exposure to low concentrations of fluoride increases overall oral health. Consequently, many countries add fluoride to their public water supply at 0.7-1.5 ppm. Exposure to high concentrations of fluoride, such as in a laboratory setting often exceeding 100 ppm, results in a wide array of toxicity phenotypes. This includes oxidative stress, organelle damage, and apoptosis in single cells, and skeletal and soft tissue damage in multicellular organisms. The mechanism of fluoride toxicity can be broadly attributed to four mechanisms: inhibition of proteins, organelle disruption, altered pH, and electrolyte imbalance. Recently, there has been renewed concern in the public sector as to whether fluoride is safe at the current exposure levels. In this review, we will focus on the impact of fluoride at the chemical, cellular, and multisystem level, as well as how organisms defend against fluoride. We also address public concerns about fluoride toxicity, including whether fluoride has a significant effect on neurodegeneration, diabetes, and the endocrine system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.