ReviewActa pharmacologica Sinica2021
Small molecule inhibitors targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
Review in Acta pharmacologica Sinica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 160 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
160 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 391 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Potential beneficial effects of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Unlocking the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cervical cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Prognostic value of the pretreatment systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Clinical Efficacy, Survival, and Adverse Reaction Evaluation of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor in Advanced Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Superantigens in Cancer Immunotherapy: Mechanisms, Engineering Strategies, and Therapeutic Potential.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoints and immunoregulation in metabolic diseases and cancers: pathological mechanisms and therapeutic potential.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Spop-binding bifunctional degraders: a novel approach for cancer immunotherapy.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Design, synthesis and activity evaluation of tetrahydroisoquinoline-based programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors.Smart molecules : open access · 2026Article
- Fragment-based diffusion modeling and molecular dynamics simulation validation for the discovery of PD-L1 small-molecule inhibitors.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- In silico screen identifies Pranidipine as a potential inhibitor of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology Meets Immunotherapy: Crosstalks Against Cancer.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Preparation and Evaluation of a Multi-Epitope Peptide for Assessing Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Vivo.The protein journal · 2026Article
- Teriflunomide modulates the PD-1/PD-L1 axis and enhances antitumor immunity in colorectal cancer.Oncogenesis · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of relapsed or progressive medulloblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Strategies to target PD-1/PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Proanthocyanidins enhance antitumor immunity by promoting ubiquitin-proteasomal PD-L1 degradation via stabilization of LKB1 and SYVN1.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- T Cell Exhaustion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Substantial Barrier in Immunotherapy.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Paroxetine repurposing enhances antitumor immunity via SPOP-mediated PD-L1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2026Article
- Rational design of D(+)-biotin-conjugated resorcinol dibenzyl ethers as tumor-targeted PD-L1 inhibitors for precision cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
100 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor cells form immune escape and subsequently obtain unlimited proliferation ability due to the abnormal immune surveillance mediated by immune checkpoints. Among this class of immune checkpoints, PD-1/PD-L1 was recognized as an anticancer drug target for many years, and so far, several monoclonal antibodies have achieved encouraging outcome in cancer treatment by targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. Due to the inherent limitations of antibodies, the development of small molecule inhibitors based on PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway is gradually reviving in decades. In this review, we summarized a number of small molecule inhibitors based on three different therapeutic approaches interfering PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway: (1) blocking direct interaction between PD-1 and PD-L1; (2) inhibiting transcription and translation of PD-L1; and (3) promoting degradation of PD-L1 protein. The development of these small molecule inhibitors opens a new avenue for tumor immunotherapy based on PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.