Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32152350›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2020

Combining short and long read sequencing to characterize antimicrobial resistance genes on plasmids applied to an unauthorized genetically modified Bacillus.

Bas Berbers, Assia Saltykova, Cristina Garcia-Graells, Patrick Philipp, Fabrice Arella, Kathleen Marchal, Raf Winand, Kevin Vanneste, Nancy H C Roosens, Sigrid C J De Keersmaecker

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
10.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2026
    Review
  4. High-risk clonal expansion of IMP-producingAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Sequencing Strategy to Ensure Accurate Plasmid Assembly.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Synsor: a tool for alignment-free detection of engineered DNA sequences.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Bas BerbersTransversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Assia SaltykovaTransversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Cristina Garcia-GraellsFoodborne Pathogens, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Patrick PhilippService Commun des Laboratoires, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
Fabrice ArellaService Commun des Laboratoires, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France.
Kathleen MarchalDepartment of Information Technology, IDLab, Ghent University, IMEC, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2169-4588
Raf WinandTransversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Kevin VannesteTransversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Nancy H C Roosens *Transversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium.
Sigrid C J De Keersmaecker *Transversal activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium. Sigrid.DeKeersmaecker@sciensano.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4198-4133
Sciensano (Belgium) · BEGhent University · BE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health threat. Plasmids are able to transfer AMR genes among bacterial isolates. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is a powerful tool to monitor AMR determinants. However, plasmids are difficult to reconstruct from WGS data. This study aimed to improve the characterization, including the localization of AMR genes using short and long read WGS strategies. We used a genetically modified (GM) Bacillus subtilis isolated as unexpected contamination in a feed additive, and therefore considered unauthorized (RASFF 2014.1249), as a case study. In GM organisms, AMR genes are used as selection markers. Because of the concern of spread of these AMR genes when present on mobile genetic elements, it is crucial to characterize their location. Our approach resulted in an assembly of one chromosome and one plasmid, each with several AMR determinants of which five are against critically important antibiotics. Interestingly, we found several plasmids, containing AMR genes, integrated in the chromosome in a repetitive region of at least 53 kb. Our findings would have been impossible using short reads only. We illustrated the added value of long read sequencing in addressing the challenges of plasmid reconstruction within the context of evaluating the risk of AMR spread.

Indexed as

Genome, BacterialAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacillus subtilisDrug Resistance, BacterialHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPlasmidsWhole Genome SequencingAnti-Bacterial Agents

Identifiers

PMID32152350
PMCPMC7062872
OpenAlexW3010507168

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.