ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Provincial Dietary Intake Study (PDIS): Energy and Macronutrient Intakes of Children in a Representative/Random Sample of 1-<10-Year-Old Children in Two Economically Active and Urbanized Provinces in South Africa.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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10 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Child-directed marketing on packaged breakfast cereals in South Africa.Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Review
- The Nutrition Transition and the Double Burden of Malnutrition in Sub-Saharan African Countries: How Do These Countries Compare with the Recommended LANCET COMMISSION Global Diet?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prevalence and Determinants of Vitamin D Deficiency in 1825 Cape Town Primary Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Has Food Security and Nutritional Status Improved in Children 1-<10 Years in Two Provinces of South Africa between 1999 (National Food Consumption Survey) and 2018 (Provincial Dietary Intake Study (PDIS)).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Total Fat and Fatty Acid Intake among 1-7-Year-Old Children from 33 Countries: Comparison with International Recommendations.Nutrients · 2021Article
- The Food Environment of Primary School Learners in a Low-to-Middle-Income Area in Cape Town, South Africa.Nutrients · 2021Article
- The Food and Nutrition Environment at Secondary Schools in the Eastern Cape, South Africa as Reported by Learners.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The double burden of malnutrition is still prevalent in South Africa, hence the importance of a dietary survey to identify risks of under- and over-nutrition. A multistage stratified cluster random sampling design was applied in two economically active provinces, Gauteng (GTG) (N = 733) and Western Cape (WC) (N = 593). Field workers completed questionnaires, and a 24 h recall with children taking part aged 1-<10-years (N = 1326). Important findings were that 71% and 74%, respectively, of 3-<6-year-olds and 6-<10-year-olds had an energy intake below the estimated energy requirement (EER), while 66% 1-<3-year-olds had intakes above the EER. The percentage of children with a total fat intake below recommended levels decreased as age increased ((51%, 40% and 5%) respectively, for the three age groups). Similarly, the percentage of those who had a total fat intake above the recommendation increased with increasing age (4%, 11% and 26%, respectively, for the three age groups). Saturated fat intake above 10%E was highest in the youngest and oldest children (33% and 32%, respectively). The percentage of children with a free sugars intake above 10%E was 47%, 48% and 52% respectively, and 98%-99% had a fibre intake that was less than recommended. Overall, the diet was not healthy, with the main food items being very refined, and the diet being high in salty snacks and sugary items, and low in fruit, vegetables and legumes.
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