ArticleAnnals of epidemiology2020
Is wealth associated with depressive symptoms in the United States?
Article in Annals of epidemiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in the Treatment Engagement Cascade of Collaborative Care for Depression in a Pragmatic Implementation Study.Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Trial
- Pre-existing financial circumstance, job loss, and probable depression among U.S. adults: a prospective population-based cohort study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Caregiver distress explains links between objective and subjective socioeconomic status and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behaviors.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2026Article
- A Study on the Bidirectional Effects of Depression and Household Savings: Empirical Evidence from CHARLS.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between the Level of Satisfaction of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs and Loneliness, Happiness and Life Satisfaction in Elderly Individuals.Journal of clinical nursing · 2026Article
- Mental health status and associated factors among rural adult women: findings of a community-based cross-sectional study in Bangladesh.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Parental wealth and mental disorders in Norway (2006-2023): a nationwide registry-based study of 1.4 million young people.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- The Role of the Neighborhood Social Environment on Adulthood Depression: Insights from Midlife in the United States III.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Mental Health Crisis Among Married Women in Bangladesh: Risk Factors and the Role of Misdiagnosis.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- Cohort profile: the Lebanon Study on Aging and HeAlth (LSAHA).BMC public health · 2025Article
- Health-Related Quality of Life in Survivors of Stroke Post Inpatient Rehabilitation Discharged to a Home Setting.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Article
- The influence of negative wealth shock on depressive symptoms and major depressive episode among older adults.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Relative Poverty and Mental Illness in Adults, Children, and Adolescents in Industrialized Countries.Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2025Review
- Cohort Profile: The Lebanon Study on Aging and HeAlth (LSAHA).Research square · 2025Article
- Midlife blues: A lifespan perspective on midlife depressive symptoms.Psychology and aging · 2025Article
- Article
- Testing the Relationships Between Multiple Domains of Substance Use‑Related Stigma and Depression Among a Sample of Young (18-30‑Year‑Old) People Who Inject Drugs in the Greater Chicago Area.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2025Article
- What role does wealth play in the racial health gap in the United States? Examining differences among African Americans, Latinos, and non-Hispanic Whites.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Home Mortgage Lending and Neighborhood Mental Health: A Spatial Econometric Analysis of 18 U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe aim of the study was to assess the relation between family wealth and depression in U.S. adults.
methodsParticipants were 5134 members of the 2015-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who were aged 18 years or older and completed the depression screener. Using the Patient Health Questionnaire and household demographics interview data, we calculate the adjusted odds of depressive symptoms for persons with low relative to high family savings, using multivariable logistic regression. We estimate predicted probabilities of having depressive symptoms for low and high family savings groups at low, middle, and high family income categories.
resultsOverall, 57.4% of the total weighted population had low family savings (below $20,000), and 23.7% of the weighted population had depressive symptoms. Persons with low family savings had 1.49 times higher odds (95% confidence interval, 1.01-2.21) of having depressive symptoms than persons with high family savings, controlling for gender, age, race, education, marital status, family size, and family income. Predicted probabilities of depressive symptoms were higher for low family savings groups than high family savings groups at every income level.
conclusionsFamily wealth is associated with lower prevalence of current depressive symptoms in U.S. adults. Wealth may be an important determinant of population mental health, separate and independent from income.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.