ArticleActa neurochirurgica2020
Long-term excess mortality after chronic subdural hematoma.
Article in Acta neurochirurgica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Initial data from the prospectively randomized G-MEMBRANE trial and systematic review on the embolization of the middle meningeal artery in the treatment of chronic subdural hematomas.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Minimally invasive versus burr hole craniostomy for chronic subdural haematoma evacuation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta neurochirurgica · 2026Pooled it
- Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Nonacute Subdural Hematoma: A Meta-Analysis of Large Randomized Controlled Trials.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Pooled it
- How does research activity align with research need in chronic subdural haematoma: a gap analysis of systematic reviews with end-user selected knowledge gaps.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Adjuvant Corticosteroids in Surgical Management of Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Mortality and causes of death after surgery for chronic subdural hematoma: a post hoc study of the FINISH randomized trial.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Trial
- Association between postoperative thromboembolic and hemorrhagic complications and clinical outcomes after surgery for chronic subdural hematoma in patients with anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Trial
- Radiological mass effect and neurological status are associated with mortality after burr-hole drainage for chronic subdural hematoma: a 10-year cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Patients: A Propensity-Matched Multi-Institutional Cohort Study.Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Parasagittal subdural space: a novel quantitative marker of spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome-induced chronic subdural hematoma.BMC medical imaging · 2025Article
- Article
- Characteristics and outcomes in atorvastatin therapy for chronic subdural hematoma: a national, observational real-world study in China, 2019-2024.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2025Article
- Characterizing Liquid Embolic Distribution and Its Impact on Chronic Subdural Hematoma Outcomes following Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization.AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology · 2025Article
- Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Review of Current Knowledge, Treatment Modalities, and Clinical Trials of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Review
- Complement Inhibition in Chronic Subdural Hematoma Fluid.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of subdural evacuating port system (SEPS) and middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) for chronic subdural hematomas.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2025Article
- Middle meningeal artery embolization as a perioperative adjunct to surgical evacuation of nonacute subdural hematomas: An multicenter analysis of safety and efficacy.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2025Article
- Effect of race on procedural and clinical outcomes in middle meningeal artery embolization for primary and adjunctive treatment of chronic subdural hematoma.Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences · 2025Article
- Prognostic significance of systemic inflammation response index, systemic immune-inflammation index and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with chronic subdural hematoma after burr hole drainage.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo assess possible long-term excess mortality and causes of death of patients with chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).
methodsA retrospective study (1990-2015) of adult patients (n = 1133, median age = 76 years old, men = 65%) with CSDH identified by ICD-codes and verified by medical records. All patients were followed until death or the end of 2017. Cumulative relative survival ratios and relative excess risks of death (RER) were estimated by comparing patients' mortality with that in the entire regional matched population. The causes of death were compared with a separate reference group formed by randomly choosing sex, age, and calendar time matched controls (4 controls per each CSDH patient).
resultsThe median follow-up time was 4.8 years (range = 0-27 years), and 710 (63%) of the patients died (median age at death = 84 years old). The cumulative excess mortality was 1 year = 9%, 5 years = 18%, 10 years = 27%, 15 years = 37%, and 20 years = 48%. A subgroup of CSDH patients (n = 206) with no comorbidity had no excess mortality. Excess mortality was related to poor modified Rankin score at admission (RER = 4.93) and at discharge (RER = 8.31), alcohol abuse (RER = 4.47), warfarin (RER = 2.94), age ≥ 80 years old (RER = 1.83), non-operative treatment (RER = 1.56), and non-traumatic etiology (RER = 1.69). Hematoma characteristics or recurrence were unrelated to excess mortality. Dementia was the most common cause of death among the CSDH patients (21%) and the third most common cause in the reference group (15%, p < 0.001).
conclusionsPatients with CSDH have continuous excess mortality up to 20 years after diagnosis. Patient-related characteristics have a strong association with excess mortality, whereas specific CSDH-related findings do not. CSDH patients have an increased risk for dementia-related mortality.
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