ArticleVeterinary research2020
Intranasally administered protein coated chitosan nanoparticles encapsulating influenza H9N2 HA2 and M2e mRNA molecules elicit protective immunity against avian influenza viruses in chickens.
Article in Veterinary research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanoparticles in influenza research: a bibliometric analysis of global trends (2005 - 2025).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Recent advances in the application of polymeric nanoparticles to the pulmonary delivery of mRNA.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- A Self-amplifying mRNA vaccine for infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) induces efficient protective immunity.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- cGAMP-Loaded M2e Nanovaccine Elicits Cross-Reactive Immunity and Mitigates H6N1 Avian Influenza Infection in Chickens.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Article
- Delivery Systems of mRNA Vaccines in the Treatment of Infectious Diseases: From Lipid Nanoparticles to Next-Generation Platforms.Advanced pharmaceutical bulletin · 2025Review
- Lipid nanoparticles-mRNA based on the consensus sequences of avian coronavirus S1 and N genes protect animals against multiple viral infections.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Development of an mRNA vaccine encoding IHNV glycoprotein protects rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from infection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Review
- Targeting Respiratory Viruses: The Efficacy of Intranasal mRNA Vaccination in Generating Protective Mucosal and Systemic Immunity Against Influenza A (H1N1).Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Cyclic di AMP phosphodiesterase nanovaccine elicits protective immunity against Burkholderia cenocepacia infection in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Respiratory delivered vaccines: Current status and perspectives in rational formulation design.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in the Preparation, Antibacterial Mechanisms, and Applications of Chitosan.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2024Review
- M2e nanovaccines supplemented with recombinant hemagglutinin protect chickens against heterologous HPAI H5N1 challenge.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Nanoparticle-Mediated Mucosal Vaccination: Harnessing Nucleic Acids for Immune Enhancement.Current microbiology · 2024Review
- A Marek's Disease Virus Messenger RNA-Based Vaccine Modulates Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Chickens.Viruses · 2024Article
- Recent Advances, Approaches and Challenges in the Development of Universal Influenza Vaccines.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Review
- Advances in Poultry Vaccines: Leveraging Biotechnology for Improving Vaccine Development, Stability, and Delivery.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Advanced biopolymeric materials and nanosystems for RNA/DNA vaccines: a review.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2024Review
- Development of an mRNA vaccine against a panel of heterologous H1N1 seasonal influenza viruses using a consensus hemagglutinin sequence.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) represent an efficient vaccination tool to deliver immunogenic antigens to the antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which subsequently stimulate protective immune responses against infectious diseases. Herein, we prepared CNPs encapsulating mRNA molecules followed by surface coating with conserved H9N2 HA2 and M2e influenza proteins. We demonstrated that CNPs efficiently delivered mRNA molecules into APCs and had effectively penetrated the mucosal barrier to reach to the immune initiation sites. To investigate the potential of CNPs delivering influenza antigens to stimulate protective immunity, we intranasally vaccinated chickens with empty CNPs, CNPs delivering HA2 and M2e in both mRNA and protein formats (CNPs + RNA + Pr) or CNPs delivering antigens in protein format only (CNPs + Pr). Our results demonstrated that chickens vaccinated with CNPs + RNA + Pr elicited significantly (p < 0.05) higher systemic IgG, mucosal IgA antibody responses and cellular immune responses compared to the CNPs + Pr vaccinated group. Consequently, upon challenge with either H7N9 or H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIVs), efficient protection, in the context of viral load and lung pathology, was observed in chickens vaccinated with CNPs + RNA + Pr than CNPs + Pr vaccinated group. In conclusion, we show that HA2 and M2e antigens elicited a broad spectrum of protection against AIVs and incorporation of mRNAs in vaccine formulation is an effective strategy to induce superior immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.