ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2020
Application of the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens to Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances.
Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Plasma and Blood Donations on Levels of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Firefighters in Australia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Apigenin Mitigates PFOA-Induced Activation of the NLRP3-Pyroptosis Axis and Associated Neurological Damage.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Differences in PFAS exposure between Pacific pinnipeds: The Galapagos (Zalophus wollebaeki) and California (Zalophus californianus) sea lions.Marine pollution bulletin · 2026Article
- A Review on Environmental Occurrence and Toxicity of Perfluorooctanoic Acid and Its Selected Short-Chain Analogs-Perfluorohexanoic Acid and Perfluorobutanoic Acid.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Distribution and Concentration of Airborne Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Indoor and Outdoor Environments: A Systematic Review.Safety and health at work · 2026Review
- Effects of Legacy PFAS and Novel Alternatives on Thyroid Function in Mother‒Child Populations: A Systematic Review.Journal of toxicology · 2026Review
- Serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in relation to circulating thyroxine levels and thyroid cancer risk: results from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial cohort.Environment international · 2026Article
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance concentrations during pregnancy and at birth and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Environmental research · 2025Article
- A scoping review on per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and colorectal cancer: Evidence from in vitro, animal, and epidemiological studies.Environment international · 2025Article
- Testicular Tumors and Environmental Pollution: A Comparative Oncoepidemiology Study in the Campania Region from 2020 to 2023.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid: a possible risk factor of endothelial dysfunction based on in silico and in vitro studies.Archives of toxicology · 2025Article
- Exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in residential settled dust and risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- The key characteristics concept.Current opinion in toxicology · 2025Article
- A High Efficiency Method for the Extraction and Quantitative Analysis of 45 PFAS in Whole Fish.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Feasibility of IR-MALDESI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of PFAS.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2025Article
- Prenatal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance exposures and DNA methylation among newborns in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes program.Environmental epigenetics · 2025Article
- Cross-cutting studies of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in Arctic wildlife and humans.The Science of the total environment · 2024Review
- Forever Pesticides: A Growing Source of PFAS Contamination in the Environment.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a large class of environmentally persistent chemicals used in industrial and consumer products. Human exposure to PFAS is extensive, and PFAS contamination has been reported in drinking water and food supplies as well as in the serum of nearly all people. The most well-studied member of the PFAS class, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), induces tumors in animal bioassays and has been associated with elevated risk of cancer in human populations. GenX, one of the PFOA replacement chemicals, induces tumors in animal bioassays as well. Using the Key Characteristics of Carcinogens framework for cancer hazard identification, we considered the existing epidemiological, toxicological and mechanistic data for 26 different PFAS. We found strong evidence that multiple PFAS induce oxidative stress, are immunosuppressive, and modulate receptor-mediated effects. We also found suggestive evidence indicating that some PFAS can induce epigenetic alterations and influence cell proliferation. Experimental data indicate that PFAS are not genotoxic and generally do not undergo metabolic activation. Data are currently insufficient to assess whether any PFAS promote chronic inflammation, cellular immortalization or alter DNA repair. While more research is needed to address data gaps, evidence exists that several PFAS exhibit one or more of the key characteristics of carcinogens.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.