ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2020
Opioid use disorder incidence and treatment among incarcerated pregnant women in the United States: results from a national surveillance study.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementation of Jail and Prison-Based Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder Programs: A Narrative Synthesis.Medical care research and review : MCRR · 2025Pooled it
- Bringing MOUD "In House": Implementing an Internal MOUD Program During Pregnancy in a State Prison.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2026Article
- Structural and Policy Determinants of Access to Medications for Opioid Use Disorder Among Pregnant People in U.S. Jails.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Initiating Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in Hospitalized Incarcerated Patients.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Opioid Use Disorder Cascade of Care Among People Who Experienced Perinatal Incarceration: A Qualitative Study.Substance use & addiction journal · 2025Article
- A self-assessment of opioid use disorder services at a Pacific Northwest County jail.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Article
- Maternal health and incarceration: advancing pregnancy justice through research.Health & justice · 2025Article
- "They talked to me like I was dirt under their feet:" Treatment and withdrawal experiences of incarcerated pregnant people with opioid use disorder in four U.S. states.SSM. Qualitative research in health · 2024Article
- An Immediate but Fleeting Interest in MPH Programs After the Onset of COVID-19: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2024Article
- Adverse effects of criminal legal system involvement: a qualitative study examining the role of incarceration and reentry on substance use trajectories among women with opioid use disorders.BMC global and public health · 2024Article
- Custodial and perinatal care patterns of women who received prenatal care while incarcerated in the Arkansas state prison system, 2014-2019.Health & justice · 2024Article
- Provision of health care services related to substance use disorder in southern U.S. jails.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2024Article
- Opioid use disorder treatment and the role of New Jersey Medicaid policy changes: perspectives of office-based buprenorphine providers.The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse · 2023Article
- Access to Services for Pregnant People With Opioid Use Disorder in Jails in the United States.Journal of correctional health care : the official journal of the National Commission on Correctional Health Care · 2023Article
- Assessing provision of MOUD and obstetric care in U.S. jails: A content analysis of policies submitted by 59 jails.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- United States county jail treatment and care of pregnant incarcerated persons with opioid use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Incarceration status at buprenorphine initiation and OUD treatment outcomes during pregnancy.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- State Laws on Substance Use Treatment for Incarcerated Pregnant and Postpartum People.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2023Article
- "Women & criminal justice · 2023Article
- Identifying and Treating Incarcerated Women Experiencing Substance Use Disorders: A Review.Substance abuse and rehabilitation · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsThe established standard care in pregnancy is medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD); however, many institutions of incarceration do not have MOUD available. We aimed to describe the number of incarcerated pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States and jails' and prisons' MOUD in pregnancy policies.
designEpidemiological surveillance study of 6 months of outcomes of pregnant, incarcerated women with OUD and cross-sectional survey of institutional policies.
settingUnited States.
participantsTwenty-two state prison systems and six county jails. MEASUREMENTS: The number of pregnant women with OUD admitted and treated with methadone, buprenorphine or withdrawal; policies on provision of MOUD and withdrawal in pregnancy.
findingsTwenty-six per cent of pregnant women admitted to prisons and 14% to jails had OUD. One-third were managed through withdrawal. The majority who were prescribed MOUD were on methadone (78%, prisons; 81%, jails), not buprenorphine. While most sites (n = 18 prisons, n = four jails) continued pre-incarceration MOUD in pregnancy, very few initiated in custody (n = four prisons; n = two jails). Two-thirds of prisons and three-quarters of jails providing MOUD in pregnancy discontinued it postpartum.
conclusionsIn this sample of US prisons and jails, one-third required pregnant women with opioid use disorder to go through withdrawal, contrary to medical guidelines. More women were prescribed methadone than buprenorphine, despite the fewer regulatory barriers on prescribing buprenorphine. Most sites stopped medication for opioid use disorder postpartum, signaling prioritization of the fetus, not the mother. Pregnant incarcerated women with opioid use disorder in the United States frequently appear to be denied essential medications and receive substandard medical care.
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Registered trials
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