ArticleBrain imaging and behavior2021
Brain-predicted age difference score is related to specific cognitive functions: a multi-site replication analysis.
Article in Brain imaging and behavior, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Factors associated with brain ageing - a systematic review.BMC neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Brain age prediction in stroke patients: Highly reliable but limited sensitivity to cognitive performance and response to cognitive training.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Trial
- Your brain doesn't look a day past 70! Cross-sectional associations with brain-predicted age in the cognitively-intact oldest-old.GeroScience · 2026Article
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- Association of imaging-defined brain age with disease severity and adverse outcomes in CADASIL.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- NeuroFM: Toward Precision Neuroimaging with Foundation Models for Individualized Brain Health Estimation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Brain Age in Adult Patients With Early-Treated Phenylketonuria.Journal of inherited metabolic disease · 2026Article
- Biological brain aging, cognitive-motor decline and vascular risk: a multivariate imaging analysis of 40,579 individuals.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Brain Age as a Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease: Narrative Perspectives on Imaging, Biomarkers, Machine Learning, and Intervention Potential.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- Regional brain aging patterns reveal disease-specific pathways of neurodegeneration.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- BrainAGE in superagers: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses in older adults aged 80+ with youthful episodic memory.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Fitness and exercise effects on brain age: A randomized clinical trial.Journal of sport and health science · 2025Article
- Preserved brain youthfulness: longitudinal evidence of slower brain aging in superagers.GeroScience · 2025Article
- BrainAge moderates associations between Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis across A4/LEARN, HABS and ADNI cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Resting-state functional connectivity correlates of brain structural aging in schizophrenia.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Article
- Meditation Linked to Enhanced MRI Signal Intensity in the Pineal Gland and Reduced Predicted Brain Age.Journal of pineal research · 2025Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus accelerates brain aging and disrupts the trajectory of glymphatic clearance in aging brain.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- More than chronic pain: behavioural and psychosocial protective factors predict lower brain age in adults with/at risk of knee osteoarthritis over two years.Brain communications · 2025Article
- Association between cardiovascular disease risk, regional brain age gap, and cognition in healthy adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Brain-predicted age difference scores are calculated by subtracting chronological age from 'brain' age, which is estimated using neuroimaging data. Positive scores reflect accelerated ageing and are associated with increased mortality risk and poorer physical function. To date, however, the relationship between brain-predicted age difference scores and specific cognitive functions has not been systematically examined using appropriate statistical methods. First, applying machine learning to 1359 T1-weighted MRI scans, we predicted the relationship between chronological age and voxel-wise grey matter data. This model was then applied to MRI data from three independent datasets, significantly predicting chronological age in each dataset: Dokuz Eylül University (n = 175), the Cognitive Reserve/Reference Ability Neural Network study (n = 380), and The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (n = 487). Each independent dataset had rich neuropsychological data. Brain-predicted age difference scores were significantly negatively correlated with performance on measures of general cognitive status (two datasets); processing speed, visual attention, and cognitive flexibility (three datasets); visual attention and cognitive flexibility (two datasets); and semantic verbal fluency (two datasets). As such, there is firm evidence of correlations between increased brain-predicted age differences and reduced cognitive function in some domains that are implicated in cognitive ageing.
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