ArticleThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2020
References for Ultrasound Staging of Breast Maturation, Tanner Breast Staging, Pubic Hair, and Menarche in Norwegian Girls.
Article in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenols, Parabens, Phthalates and Puberty: a Systematic Review of Synthetic Chemicals Commonly Found in Personal Care Products and Girls' Pubertal Development.Current environmental health reports · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Tanner stages of thelarche in relation to anthropometric and ultrasound predictors in premenarcheal girls.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Associated with Later Puberty in Norwegian Girls: Data from the Bergen Growth Study 2.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Early Postnatal Growth and Pubertal Timing: An Ultrasound-Based Study of Breast and Testicular Development.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Growth and pubertal development in children with familial Mediterranean fever under colchicine therapy.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Deep learning-assisted diagnosis of pubertal breast development on multicenter ultrasound images.iScience · 2025Article
- Associations Between Weight-Related Measurements and Pubertal Markers in Norwegian Girls: The Bergen Growth Study 2.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2025Article
- Maternal time interval between menarche and childbirth is associated with daughter's age at menarche.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Age at menarche and its association with preschool BMI among girls in Northern Norway.PloS one · 2025Article
- Evaluation and comparison of nine growth and development-based measures of pubertal timing.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Evaluating breast ultrasonography as a complementary diagnostic method in girls with central precocious puberty.Pediatric radiology · 2024Article
- Dietary pattern and precocious puberty risk in Chinese girls: a case-control study.Nutrition journal · 2024Article
- Longitudinal analysis of bovine mammary gland development.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2023Article
- Young athlete's growing heart: sex differences in cardiac adaptation to exercise training during adolescence.Open heart · 2023Article
- Observer agreement of imaging measurements used for evaluation of dentofacial deformity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.Dento maxillo facial radiology · 2022Article
- Reference Curves for Pediatric Endocrinology: Leveraging Biomarker Z-Scores for Clinical Classifications.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- Increase in peak oxygen uptake and Andersen test performance in children from age six to ten: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP).Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Exposures during the prepuberty period and future offspring's health: evidence from human cohort studies†.Biology of reproduction · 2021Review
- Prevalence of precocious puberty among Chinese children: a school population-based study.Endocrine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextDiscriminating adipose and glandular tissue is challenging when clinically assessing breast development. Ultrasound facilitates staging of pubertal breast maturation (US B), but has not been systematically compared to Tanner breast (Tanner B) staging, and no normative data have been reported.
objectiveTo present normative references for US B along with references for Tanner B, pubic hair (PH), and menarche. DESIGN, SETTING, AND
participantsA cross-sectional sample of 703 healthy girls aged 6 to 16 years were examined.
main outcome measuresBreast development was determined with US B and Tanner B staging. Tanner PH and menarcheal status were recorded. The age distributions of entry in US B, Tanner B, and PH stages and menarche were estimated with generalized linear and generalized additive models with a probit link. Method agreement was tested with weighted Cohen's kappa.
resultsThe median (±2SD) ages for thelarche, US B2 and Tanner B2, were 10.2 (7.7, 12.8) and 10.4 (8.0, 12.7) years. The median (±2SD) ages at Tanner PH2 and menarche were 10.9 (8.5, 13.3) and 12.7 (11.0, 16.2) years. Cohen's kappa of agreement (95% confidence interval) between US B and Tanner B was 0.87 (0.85-0.88). When the methods disagreed, US B was usually more advanced.
conclusionThelarche occurred at a slightly younger age when assessed with ultrasound compared to clinical Tanner staging, although the 2 methods had a very good agreement when determining pubertal breast maturation. A significant decrease of 2.8 months in age at menarche was observed during the past decade in Norwegian girls.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.