ArticleCommunications biology2020
BrainSpace: a toolbox for the analysis of macroscale gradients in neuroimaging and connectomics datasets.
Article in Communications biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 387 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
387 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cortical Gradients Support Mental Time Travel into the Past and Future: Evidence from Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-analysis.Neuropsychology review · 2026Pooled it
- Macroscale Gradient Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: Patterns With Cognition Terms and Gene Expression Profiles.Human brain mapping · 2024Pooled it
- Neuroanatomical correlates of stroke-related dizziness and vertigo: secondary analysis from the INSPiRE-TMS trial.Journal of neurology · 2026Trial
- Functional gradient reorganization and transcriptomic signatures underlying 1 Hz rTMS treatment in first-episode schizophrenia following right orbitofrontal cortex stimulation.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2026Trial
- Hierarchical disruption of lateral prefrontal cortex gradients in cognitive aging.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Article
- Mechanistic versus descriptive interpretation of brain activity pattern reconstruction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Major Depressive Disorder With Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents: Altered Morphological Inverse Divergence Gradient in Brain Structure and Gene Expression Patterns.Human brain mapping · 2026Article
- Microglial dynamics associate with the spatial pattern of tau deposition in early Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2026Observational
- Cerebral cortical alterations in adolescent early-onset psychosis: a surface-based morphometry mega-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Comprehensive profiling of brain dynamics during anesthesia across phylogeny.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Beyond statistical thresholds: Mapping sequential ATN cascade transitions via brain structural topography in Alzheimer's disease.Science advances · 2026Article
- Spatial organization of AQP4 water channel expression in the human brain.Science advances · 2026Article
- Medial temporal default mode network selectively encodes autobiographical visual imagery.Science advances · 2026Article
- Division-Specific Organization of a Shared Functional Scaffold in the Early-Life Human Brain.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Disrupted thalamic functional hierarchy on resting-state fMRI in idiopathic generalized epilepsy.European radiology experimental · 2026Article
- Disrupted Functional Network Organization in Crohn's Disease: Interoceptive Alterations Linked to Anxiety.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- A cortical gradient in area 55b links language and somato-cognitive action networks.Research square · 2026Article
- A reproducible low-dimensional architecture of human white-matter connectivity.Research square · 2026Article
- Human cerebral cortex organization characterized by functional PET-FDG "Metabolic Connectivity".European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2026Article
327 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding how cognitive functions emerge from brain structure depends on quantifying how discrete regions are integrated within the broader cortical landscape. Recent work established that macroscale brain organization and function can be described in a compact manner with multivariate machine learning approaches that identify manifolds often described as cortical gradients. By quantifying topographic principles of macroscale organization, cortical gradients lend an analytical framework to study structural and functional brain organization across species, throughout development and aging, and its perturbations in disease. Here, we present BrainSpace, a Python/Matlab toolbox for (i) the identification of gradients, (ii) their alignment, and (iii) their visualization. Our toolbox furthermore allows for controlled association studies between gradients with other brain-level features, adjusted with respect to null models that account for spatial autocorrelation. Validation experiments demonstrate the usage and consistency of our tools for the analysis of functional and microstructural gradients across different spatial scales.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.