ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2020
Combining Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors with Anti-Angiogenic Agents.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical significance of circulating tumor DNA in localized non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Association of Survival and Immune-Related Adverse Events With Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and Anti-CTLA-4 Inhibitors, Alone or Their Combination for the Treatment of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 13 Clinical Trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Lenvatinib plus Pembrolizumab for Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Gastric, Biliary Tract, or Pancreatic Cancer: Results from the Phase II LEAP-005 Study.Cancer research communications · 2026Trial
- Carboplatin, etoposide, atezolizumab, and bevacizumab in the first-line treatment of patients with extensive stage small-cell lung cancer: the GOIRC-01-2019 CeLEBrATE study.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Advances in Bispecific Antibodies and Antibody-Drug Conjugates for Colorectal Cancer Treatment.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Emerging Therapeutic Strategies in Oral Cancer: Epigenetic, Mitochondrial and Immunotherapy Approaches.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Reconceptualizing glioblastoma immunotherapy: a four-pillar framework to overcome multidimensional resistance.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer Stem Cells.Cancer treatment and research · 2026Review
- An Evolutionary Research Framework for the Tumor Microenvironment in Gastric Cancer.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- Targeting neutrophil-driven immunosuppression: A strategy to overcome immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- Real-world investigation for camrelizumab combined with apatinib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Famitinib: First Approval.Drugs · 2025Review
- From biomarker to clinical utility: translating the advanced lung cancer inflammation index into a machine learning-driven risk stratification tool for colorectal cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Lactate-mediated histone lactylation promotes melanoma angiogenesis via IL-33/ST2 axis.Cell death & disease · 2025Article
- Article
- Rationale of using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and anti-angiogenic agents in cancer treatment from a molecular perspective.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Retrospective analysis of pembrolizumab-related adverse reactions and death outcomes based on the FAERS database.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Angiogenesis and targeted therapy in the tumour microenvironment: From basic to clinical practice.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Review
- Molecular crosstalk between GPCR and receptor tyrosine-protein kinase in neuroblastoma: molecular mechanism and therapeutic implications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Metabolism in the tumor microenvironment: implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapy has recently emerged as a novel strategy for treating different types of solid tumors, with promising results. However, still a large fraction of patients do not primarily respond to such approaches, and even responders sooner or later develop resistance. Moreover, immunotherapy is a promising strategy for certain malignancies but not for others, with this discrepancy having been attributed to a more immunogenic microenvironment of some tumors. As abnormal and augmented tumor vessels often occur in cancerogenesis, anti-angiogenic drugs have already demonstrated their effectiveness both in preclinical and in clinical settings. By targeting abnormal formation of tumor vessels, anti-angiogenetic agents potentially result in an enhanced infiltration of immune effector cells. Moreover, crosstalks downstream of the immune checkpoint axis and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) signaling may result in synergistic effects of combined treatment in tumor cells. In this review, we will describe and discuss the biological rationale of a combined therapy, underlying the modification in tumor microenvironment as well as in tumor cells after exposure to checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic drugs. Moreover, we will highlight this strategy as a possible way for overcoming drug resistance. By first discussing potential prognostic and predictive factors for combined treatment, we will then turn to clinical settings, focusing on clinical trials where this strategy is currently being investigated.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.