ArticleHealth services research2020
Long-term trend in socioeconomic inequalities and geographic variation in the utilization of antenatal care service in India between 1998 and 2015.
Article in Health services research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Review of the National Family Health Survey Data in Addressing India's Maternal Health Situation.Public health reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Assessment of antenatal care received and its association with different factors among the postnatal mothers: A cross-sectional study.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Trends in the quality of antenatal care in India: Patterns of change across 36 states and union territories, 1999-2021.Journal of global health · 2024Article
- Making the health system work for over 25 million births annually: drivers of the notable decline in maternal and newborn mortality in India.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- The effect of health insurance coverage on antenatal care utilization in Cambodia: A secondary analysis of Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2021-2022.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Factors associated with underutilization of antenatal care in India: Results from 2019-2021 National Family Health Survey.PloS one · 2023Article
- The association between institutional delivery and neonatal mortality based on the quality of maternal and newborn health system in India.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Long-term trend in socioeconomic inequalities and geographic variation in the utilization of antenatal care service in India between 1998 and 2015.Health services research · 2020Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo investigate the temporal trend of socioeconomic and rural-urban disparities and geographical variation in the utilization of antenatal care (ANC) services in India before and throughout the Millennium Development Goals era. DATA SOURCES/STUDY
settingFor this temporal analysis, secondary data from the Indian National Family Health Surveys between 1998 and 2015 (Waves 2, 3, and 4) were used. STUDY
designWe analyzed the trend in inequality for at least one and four ANC visits to a health care professional (ANC1+ and ANC4+, respectively) by education, wealth, and residence type. Multilevel logistic regression models were used to assess the temporal trend and the relative contribution of communities and states to the overall variation in ANC1+ and ANC4+. DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION
methodsData on utilization of ANC services for the last birth of women aged 15-49 years during the three or five years preceding the survey (depending on the survey year) were used. PRINCIPAL
findingsEducational and wealth inequality in ANC1+ and ANC4+ worsened between 1998 and 2005 and improved between 2005 and 2015 (for ANC4+, OR [95% CI] = 0.22 [0.19-0.25] in Wave 2; OR [95% CI] = 0.19 [0.17-0.22] in Wave 3; and OR [95% CI] = 0.38 [0.36-0.40] in Wave 4 for the poorest). Rural-urban inequality showed a consistent decline (for ANC4+, OR [95% CI] = 0.59 [0.54-0.64] in Wave 2; OR [95% CI] = 0.63 [0.59-0.68] in Wave 3; and OR [95% CI] = 0.82 [0.79-0.85] in Wave 4 for rural area). The relative contribution of the community to the total geographic variation in the utilization of ANC services increased more than four times during the study period.
conclusionsThe use of ANC services remains disproportionately lower among women with low socioeconomic status. Efforts to directly target these women are necessary to tackle inequality in ANC utilization in India.
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