SynthesisBMJ global health2020
Associations of women's empowerment with neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality in low- and /middle-income countries: meta-analysis of individual participant data from 59 countries.
Synthesis in BMJ global health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- A machine learning approach to identify key socio-economic and demographic factors associated with neonatal mortality in Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Maternal empowerment and child mortality in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: evidence from multilevel modelling of DHS data.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Avoidable mortality in childhood in Colombia: A type of violenceBiomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2026Article
- Rural-urban differentials in women empowerment and experience of under-five mortality among mothers in Nigeria: a Multiple Indicator Survey analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Determinants of under-five mortality in informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya from 2002 to 2018.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Women's empowerment and child anthropometric failures across 28 sub-Saharan African countries: A cross-level interaction by Gender Inequality Index.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Spatial clustering of domestic violence attitudes toward women in Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Women's autonomy, neonatal, infant and under-five mortality in the Upper East Region of Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Determinants of early neonatal mortality: secondary analysis of the 2012 and 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Women's Autonomy and Anemia in Children under Five Years of Age: A Peruvian Population-Based Survey.Nutrients · 2023Article
- The Interaction Effect of Birth Spacing and Maternal Healthcare Services on Child Mortality in Pakistan.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Associations between dimensions of empowerment and nutritional status among married adolescent girls in East Africa: a structural equation modelling study.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Gender Inequality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Associations with Parental Physical Abuse and Moderation by Child Gender.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Household Microenvironment and Under-Fives Health Outcomes in Uganda: Focusing on Multidimensional Energy Poverty and Women Empowerment Indices.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Effects of early-life poverty on health and human capital in children and adolescents: analyses of national surveys and birth cohort studies in LMICs.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Review
- Survival analysis of neonatal mortality in Ghana using three population-based surveys.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Associations between women's empowerment, care seeking, and quality of malaria care for children: A cross-sectional analysis of demographic and health surveys in 16 sub-Saharan African countries.Journal of global health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Child survival and women's empowerment are global public health concerns and important sustainable development goals (SDGs). Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have the largest burden of both phenomena. The aim of this study is to investigate a measure of women's empowerment at individual and population levels and its potential associations with neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality at national and regional levels in 59 LMICs. Methods: We used pooled population-based cross-sectional surveys from 59 LMICs (n=6 12 529) conducted from 2000 to 2015 using standardised protocols. We constructed individual-level women's empowerment index (ILWEI) and population-level women's empowerment index (PLWEI) for LMICs and investigated the potential associations of these measures with neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality using two-stage random-effect individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. Results: The pooled neonatal mortality rate was 24 per 1000 live births. Infant and under-5 mortality rates were 43 and 55/1000 live births, respectively. In the pooled sample, 61.6% and 19.9% of women had autonomy regarding their healthcare and household decision-making, respectively, whereas 56.0% rejected domestic violence against women for any reason. IPD meta-analysis showed that children of women with low ILWEI had a higher risk of neonatal (OR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.22), infant (OR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.17) and under-5 (OR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.18) mortality compared with children of high ILWEI. Similar relationships were found across most of the regions as well as between PLWEI and all the three outcomes. Conclusions: Women's empowerment at individual and population levels is associated with neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality in LMICs. Our study underscores the importance of women's empowerment in accelerating progress towards the attainment of the SDG targets for child survival in LMICs. Multi-sectoral and concerted efforts are necessary to eliminate preventable child mortality in these countries.
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