ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020
CpG Oligonucleotides Protect Mice From Alphavirus Encephalitis: Role of NK Cells, Interferons, and TNF.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Río Negro virus (Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus complex) shows pathogenic potential in a permissive murine model.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Innate immune sensing of alphavirus chikungunya: balancing antiviral defense and pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and pan-serotype inhibitors control neurotropic dengue infection in novel immune competent neonatal mouse model.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Host Genetic Variation Has a Profound Impact on Immune Responses Mediating Control of Viral Load in Chronic Gammaherpesvirus Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2023Article
- Comparative study of the impact of dietary supplementation with different types of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) on enhancing intestinal microbiota diversity, antioxidant capacity, and immune-related gene expression profiles in Pacific white shrimp (Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- NK cells require immune checkpoint receptor LILRB4/gp49B to control neurotropic Zika virus infections in mice.JCI insight · 2022Article
- BSL2-compliant lethal mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern to evaluate therapeutics targeting the Spike protein.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- CpG Adjuvant in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy: Finding the Sweet Spot for the Induction of Immune Tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- IFN-I Independent Antiviral Immune Response to Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Challenge in Mouse Brain.Vaccines · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Arboviruses including alphavirus are responsible for most emerging infectious diseases worldwide. Recent outbreaks of chikungunya virus serve as a stark reminder to their pathogenic potential. There are no vaccines or therapeutics currently available to contain alphavirus outbreaks. In this study we evaluated the effect of immunomodulatory CpG ODN on the clinical progression of neurotropic Sindbis virus infection. Neonatal C57Bl-6 mice challenged with Sindbis virus AR339 (25 PFU Subcutaneous) infect neurons in the CNS leading to the development of ataxia, seizures, paralysis, and death. We show that systemic administration of CpG ODN modulates the cytokine and chemokine gene expression levels in the CNS and ultimately protects neonatal mice from lethal neurotropic infection. The protection conferred by CpG ODN is controlled by innate immune response and T and B cells were dispensable. Further, protection required Type I, Type II interferons, and TNF as well as functional NK cells, but did not involve iNOS. This study confirms that administration of innate immune modulators can be used as a strategy to boost host innate immune responses and protect against neurotropic viruses reducing their pathogenic footprint.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.