ArticleNature communications2020
Trade-offs between multifunctionality and profit in tropical smallholder landscapes.
Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Global spatially detailed water footprint of crop production over five decades.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trade-Offs Between Carbon and Water Fluxes Along a Land Use Intensity Gradient in Southeast Asian Forests and Plantations.Global change biology · 2026Article
- Climate change is predicted to reduce global belowground ecosystem multifunctionality.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Understanding the trade-off and synergy effects of landscape multifunctional and its driving mechanism in rapidly urbanizing areas.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- From primary forests to rubber plantations: A huge ecological loss.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2025Review
- Assessing CREMAs' Capacity to Govern Landscape Resources in the Western Wildlife Corridor of Northern Ghana.Environmental management · 2025Article
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- Opinionated views on biophysical and social constraints on agroforestry system.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Trophic Change and Community Decline in Acrobat Ants After Rainforest Conversion to Cash Crops.Ecology and evolution · 2024Article
- Enhancing economic multifunctionality without compromising multidiversity and ecosystem multifunctionality via forest enrichment.Science advances · 2024Article
- Balancing economic and ecological functions in smallholder and industrial oil palm plantations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
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- Response of arboreal Collembola communities to the conversion of lowland rainforest into rubber and oil palm plantations.BMC ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- Win-win opportunities combining high yields with high multi-taxa biodiversity in tropical agroforestry.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Land-use change shifts and magnifies seasonal variations of the decomposer system in lowland tropical landscapes.Ecology and evolution · 2022Article
- Article
- Land-use trajectories for sustainable land system transformations: Identifying leverage points in a global biodiversity hotspot.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Rhizosphere element circling, multifunctionality, aboveground productivity and trade-offs are better predicted by rhizosphere rare taxa.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
41 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Land-use transitions can enhance the livelihoods of smallholder farmers but potential economic-ecological trade-offs remain poorly understood. Here, we present an interdisciplinary study of the environmental, social and economic consequences of land-use transitions in a tropical smallholder landscape on Sumatra, Indonesia. We find widespread biodiversity-profit trade-offs resulting from land-use transitions from forest and agroforestry systems to rubber and oil palm monocultures, for 26,894 aboveground and belowground species and whole-ecosystem multidiversity. Despite variation between ecosystem functions, profit gains come at the expense of ecosystem multifunctionality, indicating far-reaching ecosystem deterioration. We identify landscape compositions that can mitigate trade-offs under optimal land-use allocation but also show that intensive monocultures always lead to higher profits. These findings suggest that, to reduce losses in biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, changes in economic incentive structures through well-designed policies are urgently needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.