SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2020
Animal sources for zoonotic transmission of psittacosis: a systematic review.
Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 61 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
61 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 98 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational psittacosis: a systematic review of clinical manifestations and outcomes.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Global prevalence of psittacosis in outbreaks: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Rapid detection of Chlamydia Psittaci by isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification assays.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Hotspot or blind spot? Fine-scale spatial heterogeneity and methodological bias inOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Targeted next-generation sequencing improves diagnosis and antimicrobial stewardship in Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular detection of Chlamydia psittaci in wild birds, broiler chickens, and sheep in Egypt: a public health concern.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Use of Animal-Derived Products for Medicinal and Belief-Based Purposes in Urban Cities of Southwestern Nigeria: A One Health Perspective.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic relationships and antimicrobial susceptibility of human- and parrot-derivedFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- A case report of spherical pneumonia caused byFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and environmental surveillance of human psittacosis in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, China (2021-2024).Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The relationship betweenFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Long-Term Surveillance ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Genetic Characteristics of Avian Chlamydia in Birds in Guangxi, Southwestern China.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Psittacosis in Focus: A Review Addressing the Risks and Management Challenges in Outbreak Scenarios.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Zoonotic potential ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Predicting Disease Severity in Chlamydia psittaci Infection Based on Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- SevereFrontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Confronting and Addressing the Presence of Psittacosis in Europe.Infectious disorders drug targets · 2025Article
- Chlamydiosis in Animals.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Review
- Outbreak ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
1 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman psittacosis, caused by Chlamydia (C.) psittaci, is likely underdiagnosed and underreported, since tests for C. psittaci are often not included in routine microbiological diagnostics. Source tracing traditionally focuses on psittacine pet birds, but recently other animal species have been gaining more attention as possible sources for human psittacosis. This review aims to provide an overview of all suspected animal sources of human psittacosis cases reported in the international literature. In addition, for each animal species the strength of evidence for zoonotic transmission was estimated.
methodsA systematic literature search was conducted using four databases (Pubmed, Embase, Scopus and Proquest). Articles were included when there was mention of at least one human case of psittacosis and a possible animal source. Investigators independently extracted data from the included articles and estimated strength of evidence for zoonotic transmission, based on a self-developed scoring system taking into account number of human cases, epidemiological evidence and laboratory test results in human, animals, and the environment.
resultsEighty articles were included, which provided information on 136 different situations of possible zoonotic transmission. The maximum score for zoonotic transmission was highest for turkeys, followed by ducks, owls, and the category 'other poultry'. Articles reporting about zoonotic transmission from unspecified birds, psittaciformes and columbiformes provided a relatively low strength of evidence. A genotypical match between human and animal samples was reported twenty-eight times, including transmission from chickens, turkeys, guinea fowl, peafowl, pigeons, ducks, geese, songbirds, parrot-like birds and owls.
conclusionsStrong evidence exists for zoonotic transmission from turkeys, chickens and ducks, in addition to the more traditionally reported parrot-like animal sources. Based on our scoring system, the evidence was generally stronger for poultry than for parrot-like birds. Psittaciformes should not be disregarded as an important source of human psittacosis, still clinicians and public health officials should include poultry and birds species other than parrots in medical history and source tracing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.