Preoperative Mental Health May Not Be Predictive of Improvements in Patient-Reported Outcomes Following a Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion.

backgroundPrior literature has associated poor preoperative mental health with inferior patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after spinal procedures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test for association of preoperative Short Form 12 (SF-12) mental health composite score (MCS) with improvements in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and back and leg visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores after a minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS TLIF).

methodsA surgical database of patients who underwent a primary, 1 level MIS TLIF was reviewed. Preoperative SF-12 MCS was tested for association with preoperative ODI, back VAS, and leg VAS. Preoperative MCS was then tested for association with changes in ODI, back VAS, and leg VAS from preoperative to postoperative visits. These tests were conducted using multivariate regression controlling for baseline characteristics and the preoperative score of the PRO being assessed.

resultsA total of 113 patients were included in the analysis. At baseline, higher preoperative MCS was associated with lower preoperative ODI (coefficient: -0.58,

conclusionsThe results of this study suggest that better preoperative mental health is associated with lower perceived preoperative disability and decreased severity of back and leg pain. In contrast to other studies, the present study was unable to demonstrate that preoperative mental health is predictive of improvement in PROs at any postoperative timepoint after MIS TLIF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These results suggest that surgeons should exercise care in assuming that patients with poorer preoperative mental health are inferior surgical candidates.