ArticleScientific reports2020
Intermittent Lactobacilli-containing Vaginal Probiotic or Metronidazole Use to Prevent Bacterial Vaginosis Recurrence: A Pilot Study Incorporating Microscopy and Sequencing.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effective probiotic regimens for bacterial vaginosis treatment and recurrence prevention: A systematic review.Narra J · 2025Pooled it
- Gut microbiota during pregnancy: a bibliometric analysis of global research trends and collaborative networks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Pro/Prebiotics Alone over Pro/Prebiotics Combined with Conventional Antibiotic Therapy to Treat Bacterial Vaginosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of clinical practice · 2022Pooled it
- Pathobionts in the Vaginal Microbiota: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Three Sequencing Studies.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020Pooled it
- Oral Probiotics to Prevent Recurrent Vulvovaginal Infections During Pregnancy-Multicenter Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Comparative efficacy of oral and vaginal probiotics in reducing the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis: a double-blind clinical trial.BMC women's health · 2024Trial
- Effect of vaginal probiotics containing Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus (Lcr regenerans) on vaginal dysbiotic microbiota and pregnancy outcome, prospective, randomized study.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- Trial
- ProbioticFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Trial
- Trial
- Randomized Trial of Lactin-V to Prevent Recurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2020Trial
- The role of probiotics in restoring and maintaining vaginal microbiome health: a review.Infection and immunity · 2026Review
- Lactobacillus Vaginal Tablets in Preventing Recurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Machine learning-based prediction of BV-relevant probiotic functional potential in vaginal-derived Lactobacillus crispatus strains.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- The vaginal microbiota, symptoms, and local immune correlates in transmasculine individuals using sustained testosterone therapy.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in the Role of Bacteriophages in the Aetiology and Therapy of Vaginal Dysbiosis in the Form of Bacterial Vaginosis and the Prevention of Preterm Birth.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Natural Molecules, Nutraceuticals, and Engineered Nanosystems: A Comprehensive Strategy for CombatingMicroorganisms · 2025Review
- Article
- Vaginal pharmacomicrobiomics modulates risk of persistent and recurrent bacterial vaginosis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- An in silico framework for the rational design of vaginal probiotic therapy.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is associated with HIV acquisition and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Recurrence after metronidazole treatment is high. HIV-negative, non-pregnant Rwandan BV patients were randomized to four groups (n = 17/group) after seven-day oral metronidazole treatment: behavioral counseling only (control), or counseling plus intermittent use of oral metronidazole, Ecologic Femi+ vaginal capsule (containing multiple Lactobacillus and one Bifidobacterium species), or Gynophilus LP vaginal tablet (L. rhamnosus 35) for two months. Vaginal microbiota assessments at all visits included Gram stain Nugent scoring and 16S rRNA gene qPCR and HiSeq sequencing. All interventions were safe. BV (Nugent 7-10) incidence was 10.18 per person-year at risk in the control group, and lower in the metronidazole (1.41/person-year; p = 0.004), Ecologic Femi+ (3.58/person-year; p = 0.043), and Gynophilus LP groups (5.36/person-year; p = 0.220). In mixed effects models adjusted for hormonal contraception/pregnancy, sexual risk-taking, and age, metronidazole and Ecologic Femi+ users, each compared to controls, had higher Lactobacillus and lower BV-anaerobes estimated concentrations and/or relative abundances, and were less likely to have a dysbiotic vaginal microbiota type by sequencing. Inter-individual variability was high and effects disappeared soon after intervention cessation. Lactobacilli-based vaginal probiotics warrant further evaluation because, in contrast to antibiotics, they are not expected to negatively affect gut microbiota or cause antimicrobial resistance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.