ArticlePloS one2020
Human extracellular vesicles and correlation with two clinical forms of toxoplasmosis.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- Decoding miRNA-Mediated Immunoregulation in SARS-CoV-2, HBV, HIV, and HSV Infections.Genes and immunity · 2026Review
- Cerebrospinal Fluid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Proteomic and Transcriptomic Comparative Analysis of Enrichment Protocols.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes in ischemic brain injury: a review.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Review
- Performance of Extracellular Vesicles FromJournal of parasitology research · 2025Article
- Effects of diet and ovariectomy onBrain communications · 2025Article
- Potential of extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy for parasitic diseases.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2024Review
- Deregulation of MicroRNA-146a and 155 expression levels might underlie complicated pregnancy in Toxoplasma Gondii seronegative women.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Extracellular vesicles and endothelial dysfunction in infectious diseases.Journal of extracellular biology · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Protein profile of purified plasma- and aqueous humor-derived extracellular vesicles from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis.Arquivos brasileiros de oftalmologia · 2024Article
- Circulating extracellular vesicles in healthy and pathological pregnancies: A scoping review of methodology, rigour and results.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2023Article
- Guidelines for the purification and characterization of extracellular vesicles of parasites.Journal of extracellular biology · 2023Article
- Host-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Blood and Tissue Human Protozoan Infections.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Metallic Nanoparticles and Core-Shell Nanosystems in the Treatment, Diagnosis, and Prevention of Parasitic Diseases.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV-infected patients: a review.Pathogens and global health · 2023Review
- miR-155-5p in Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells Promotes Autophagy and Inflammation to Aggravate Ischemic Brain Injury in Mice.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2022Article
- Exosomal microRNA let-7-5p fromMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Extracellular vesicles in neuroinflammation: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2021Review
- The complex, bidirectional role of extracellular vesicles in infection.Biochemical Society transactions · 2021Review
- Application of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as an Innovative Theranostics in Microbial Diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimThis study analyzed microvesicles and exosomes, called as extracellular vesicles (EVs) excreted in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with cerebral or gestational toxoplasmosis.
methodsClinical samples from 83 individuals were divided into four groups. Group I, 20 sera from healthy individuals and pregnant women (seronegative for toxoplasmosis); group II, 21 sera from seropositive patients for toxoplasmosis (cerebral or gestational forms); group III, 26 CSF samples from patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis/HIV co-infection (CT/HIV) (seropositive for toxoplasmosis); and group IV, 16 CSF samples from seronegative patients for toxoplasmosis, but with HIV infection and other opportunistic infections (OI/HIV). Serum and CSF samples were ultracentrifuged to recover EVs. Next, vesicle size and concentration were characterized by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA).
resultsConcentrations of serum-derived EVs from toxoplasmosis patients (mean: 2.4 x 1010 EVs/mL) were statically higher than of non-infected individuals (mean: 5.9 x 109 EVs/mL). Concentrations of CSF-derived EVs were almost similar in both groups. CT/HIV (mean: 2.9 x 109 EVs/mL) and OI/HIV (mean: 4.8 x 109 EVs/mL). Analyses by NTA confirmed that CSF-derived EVs and serum-derived EVs had size and shape similar to microvesicles and exosomes. The mean size of EVs was similar in serum and CSF. Thus, the concentration, and not size was able distinguish patients with toxoplasmosis than healthy individuals. Presence of exosomes was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and evidence of tetraspanins CD63 and CD9 in immunoblotting. Relative expressions of miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-29c-3p and miR-125b-5p were estimated in exosomal miRNA extracted of EVs. Serum-derived EVs from group II (cerebral and gestational toxoplasmosis) up-expressed miR-125b-5p and miR-146a-5p. CSF-derived EVs from CT/HIV patients) up-expressed miR-155-5p and miR-21-5p and were unable to express miR-29c-3p.
conclusionThese data suggest the participation of EVs and exosomal miRNAs in unbalance of immune response as elevation of TNF-α, IL-6; and downregulation of IFN-γ in cerebral and gestational forms of toxoplasmosis.
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