ReviewAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2020
Antimicrobial use and resistance in food-producing animals and the environment: an African perspective.
Review in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 120 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
120 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 248 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antibiotic resistance genes circulating in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis from the One Health perspective.BMC medical genomics · 2025Pooled it
- Quantifying antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals in North America.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- A scoping review of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens and signatures in ready-to-eat street foods in Africa: implications for public health.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Antimicrobial use, residues and resistance in fish production in Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC veterinary research · 2024Pooled it
- Epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci other thanFrontiers in veterinary science · 2022Pooled it
- Integrated poultry production as a reservoir ofMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial use, resistance awareness, and biosecurity practices among poultry and aquaculture farmers in Nigeria: a cross-sectional KAP survey.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Genomic and socioeconomic drivers of antimicrobial resistance forecast to 2050.Cell genomics · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia Coli and Salmonella in poultry production and spread and effect in the one health framework.Poultry science · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial resistance in India's dairy value chain: An investigation of risk factors in Haryana and Assam, India.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Review
- Prevalence of antibiotic residues in red meat across Mogadishu, Somalia.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Imported Retail Beef and Chicken Meat Products Serve as Reservoirs for Emerging Antibiotic-Resistant Pathotypes of Escherichia coli in Pristine Areas Free From Agricultural Activity.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial Use and Resistance: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Broiler Farmers in Mzimba, Malawi.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The interlinked crisis: pharmaceutical pollution as a driver of antimicrobial resistance in East Africa: an urgent call for ecopharmacovigilance and one health approach.One health outlook · 2026Review
- A Two-Year Study on Swifts (Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes and practices of smallholder dairy farmers on antimicrobial use in selected districts of Zambia: implications for antimicrobial stewardship.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial usage in broiler poultry farms in Zambia.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- The colistin resistance pandemic: A dual threat from plasmid-encoded mobilised colistin resistance genes and chromosomal mutations.African journal of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Mobilome-driven antimicrobial resistance in a one health context: evidence and lessons from Africa.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
60 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe overuse of antimicrobials in food animals and the subsequent contamination of the environment have been associated with development and spread of antimicrobial resistance. This review presents information on antimicrobial use, resistance and status of surveillance systems in food animals and the environment in Africa.
methodsInformation was searched through PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and African Journal Online databases. Full-length original research and review articles on antimicrobial use, prevalence of AMR from Africa covering a period from 2005 to 2018 were examined. The articles were scrutinized to extract information on the antimicrobial use, resistance and surveillance systems.
resultsA total of 200 articles were recovered. Of these, 176 studies were included in the review while 24 articles were excluded because they were not relevant to antimicrobial use and/or resistance in food animals and the environment. The percentage of farms using antimicrobials in animal production ranged from 77.6% in Nigeria to 100% in Tanzania, Cameroon, Zambia, Ghana and Egypt. The most antibiotics used were tetracycline, aminoglycoside and penicillin groups. The percentage of multi drug resistant isolates ranged from 20% in Nigeria to 100% in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Tunisia. In the environment, percentage of multi drug resistant isolates ranged from 33.3% in South Africa to 100% in Algeria. None of the countries documented national antimicrobial use and resistance surveillance system in animals.
conclusionThere is high level of antimicrobial use, especially tetracycline, aminoglycoside and penicillin in animal production systems in Africa. This is likely to escalate the already high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and multi drug resistance in the continent. This, coupled with weak antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems in the region is a great concern to the animals, environment and humans as well.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.